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Western Civ. I 203 Exam #1 > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What was the greatest honor for a Spartan?

A

Dying for the polis.

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2
Q

How many helots were there to Spartans?

A

10-1 ratio.

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3
Q

Which group of helots continually threatened revolt?

A

The Messenians.

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4
Q

What did the Spartans focus their system on?

A

1) Preserving their helot based society. 2) Guaranteeing security via military strength.

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5
Q

What form of government did the Spartans retain long after its demise in other city-states?

A

The Two-King System.

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6
Q

In practice, by whom was Sparta ruled?

A

A small council of elderly military generals.

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7
Q

Who had more free women: Athens or Sparta?

A

Sparta.

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8
Q

Name three of Solon’s reforms.

A

Reigned in the power of wealthy elites, canceled many debts, freed poor Athenians, allowed the poorest Athenian males to sit in the assembly, and granted full citizenship to craftsmen.

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9
Q

What crops did Athens grow and for what purpose?

A

Grapes and Olives. They grew them for export.

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10
Q

What is another name for the Golden Age?

A

The Periclean Age after the great leader Pericles.

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11
Q

What type of government did the Athenians have in the Golden Age?

A

Direct Democracy.

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12
Q

How was the Athenian Council of Five Hundred chosen?

A

By lot among all male citizens.

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13
Q

True or False: The Greeks rejected the idea of slavery.

A

False

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14
Q

What were Athenian men in pursuit of?

A

More leisure time.

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15
Q

Describe Greek Paintings and Sculptures.

A

Realistic depictions of the idealistic state of man.

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16
Q

Where did Drama originate?

A

Greece

17
Q

Name three great Athenian dramatists.

A

Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes.

18
Q

Who wrote the histories of the Persian Wars?

A

Herodotus.

19
Q

Who wrote the history of the Peloponnesian War?

A

Thucydides.

20
Q

What were the philosophers who speculated about the natural world called?

A

Cosmologists.

21
Q

Who claimed that man was the measure of all things?

A

The Sophists.

22
Q

Who claimed the Sophists teaching was insufficient and shed light on the purpose of life and moral values?

A

Socrates.

23
Q

What was Socrates style of teaching called?

A

The Socratic-Method.

24
Q

How did Socrates die?

A

Condemned by a jury to drink Hemlock.

25
Q

Who carried on Socrates teaching and was Socrates most famous pupil?

A

Plato.

26
Q

What was one of Plato’s famous analogies?

A

The cave.

27
Q

What did Plato abandon faith in and propose to replace it?

A

Plato abandoned faith in Athenian direct democracy. He suggested a philosopher-king instead in the Republic.

28
Q

Who further secularized Plato’s notions and ideas?

A

Aristotle.

29
Q

Who’s famous for saying, “nothing in excess”?

A

Aristotle.

30
Q

Who did Aristotle suggest should rule?

A

The middle class.

31
Q

What was the Delian League?

A

An organization of city-states that joined with Athens to prevent further invasions.

32
Q

Who ended up controlling the Delian League?

A

Athens.

33
Q

What contributed to the Peloponnesian War?

A

The rise of Athen’s hegemony through the Delian League.

34
Q

What was the immediate cause of the Peloponnesian War?

A

A smaller civil war between Corinth and Corcya.

35
Q

Who won the Peloponnesian War?

A

Sparta.

36
Q

What did Sparta force Athens to do?

A

Dismantle their walls and the Delian League.

37
Q

What was the real consequence fo the Peloponnesian War?

A

Greek Civilization.

38
Q

What happened as soon as the law was emphasized as a human creation?

A

The respect for the law decreased.

Western Civ. I 203 Exam #1 (5 decks)

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