Chapter 4

Question 1

Refers to how bones move in space. Examples: flexion/ extension

Answer 1

Osteokinematics

Question 2

Subjective assessment of the quality of the feel when slight pressure is applied at the end of the joints passive ROM

Answer 2

End feel

Question 3

Hard, abrupt limit to a passive joint motion. Occurs when bone contacts bone at the end of ROM

Answer 3

Bony end feel

Question 4

Firm sensation that has slight give when the joint is taken to the end- range of motion. Tension in the surrounding ligaments, capsule and muscles. Most common end feel

Answer 4

Soft tissue stretch

Question 5

Occurs when a muscle bulk is compressed, giving a soft end feel. Most evident on someone with muscles or very obese

Answer 5

Soft tissue approximation

Question 6

Sudden hard stop usually felt well before the end of normal ROM, when bony structures block the joints motion

Answer 6

Abnormal bony end feel

Question 7

Often found in acute conditions, where the soft tissue edema is present immediately after severe injury. Soft, “wet sponge” feel.

Answer 7

Boggy end feel

Question 8

A reflexive muscle guarding during motion. A protective response.

Answer 8

Muscle spasm

Question 9

Occurs when movement produces considerable pain. No mechanical limitation at the end of range.

Answer 9

Empty end feel

Question 10

Rebound movement is felt at the end of ROM. Occurs with internal derangement of a joint, torn cartilage.

Answer 10

Springy block

Question 11

Adjoining joint surfaces move on each other during osteokinematics joint movement. Referred to as joint surface motion

Answer 11

Arthrokinematic motion

Question 12

Motions that accompany active motion but are not under voluntary control. Include the movement of rotation

Answer 12

Component movements

Question 13

Movements that are passive movements between two surfaces done by passively applying external force. Also not under voluntary control. Include motions such as: glide, spin and roll

Answer 13

Joint play

Question 14

Passive oscillatory motion or sustained stretch that is applied at a slow enough speed by an external force that an individual can stop the motion. Used to improve joint mobility or to decrease pain in a joint structure.

Answer 14

Joint mobilization

Question 15

Passive movement applied within a short range and with very forceful thrust that cannot be stopped.

Answer 15

Manipulation

Question 16

Two bones forming a convex-concave relationship. Most synovial joints are this.

Answer 16

Ovoid joint

Question 17

Each joint surface is concave in one direction and convex in another.

Answer 17

Sellar/ saddle-shaped joint

Question 18

Rolling of one joint surface on another

Answer 18

Roll

Question 19

Linear movement of a joint surface parallel to the plane of the adjoining joint surface

Answer 19

Glide/ slide

Question 20

Rotation of the movable joint surface on a fixed adjacent surface. The same point on each surface remains in contact with each other

Answer 20

Spin

Question 21

Differences in shapes of bone ends require joint surfaces to move in a specific way during joint movement.

Answer 21

Concave-convex rule

Question 22

The joint surface moves in the same direction as the body segments motion. Roll and slide are the same

Answer 22

Concave joint surface

Question 23

Rounded inward

Answer 23

Concave

Question 24

Rounded outward

Answer 24

Convex

Question 25

The joint surface moves in the opposite direction of the body segments movement. Roll and slide are opposite. …… Is complex

Answer 25

Convex joint surface

Question 26

Joint surfaces have maximum contact with each other and are tightly compressed and difficult to separate.

Answer 26

Congruent

Question 27

Ligaments and capsules holding the joint together are taut. Occurs in one extreme of ROM

Answer 27

Close- packed position

Question 28

Position of maximum incongruence. Parts of the capsule and ligaments are relaxed. Minimal congruency between articular surfaces .

Answer 28

Open-packed/ loose-packed/ resting position

Question 29

External force is exerted on a joint causing the joint surfaces to pull apart.

Answer 29

Traction/ distraction/ tension

Question 30

Occurs when external force is exerted on a joint, causing the joint surfaces to be pushed closer together.

Answer 30

Approximation/ compression

Question 31

Forces occur parallel to the surface. Results in a glide motion at the joint.

Answer 31

Shear

Question 32

Occurs when an other than vertical force is applied, resulting in compression on the concave side and distraction on the convex side.

Answer 32

Bending