Chapter 3

Question 1

Fibrous joint

Answer 1

Thin layer of fibrous periosteum between two bones. Ex- sutures of the skull

Question 2

Synarthrosis

Answer 2

Suture joint, that has a thin layer of fibrous periosteum between two bones. Shaped to allow them to interlock.

Question 3

Syndesmosis

Answer 3

It has a great amount of fibrous tissue, like Ligaments and interosseous membranes that hold the joint together. Also called ligamentous joint

Question 4

Gomphosis

Answer 4

“Bolting together”. A joint that typically occurs between a tooth and the wall of its dental socket

Question 5

Cartilaginous joint

Answer 5

Hyaline or fibrocartilage between two bones.

Question 6

Amphiarthrodial joints

Answer 6

Also considered a cartilaginous joint, because it allows a small amount of motion but provides a great amount of stability

Question 7

Synovial joint

Answer 7

Has no direct union between the bone ends, instead there is a cavity filled with synovial fluid

Question 8

Diarthrodial joint

Answer 8

A synovial joint that allows free motion. It is not as stable as other types of joints but it allows a great deal of motion.

Question 9

Nonaxial joint

Answer 9

Movement tends to be linear instead of angular. The joint surfaces are typically flat and glide over one another moving around the other

Question 10

Joint surfaces that are relatively flat and glide over one another instead of one moving around the other. Ex- carpal joints

Answer 10

Plane joint

Question 11

Has angular motion occurring in one plane around one axis. Joint that only flex and extend. Ex- elbow, knee

Answer 11

Uniaxial/ hinge joint

Question 12

Movements that occur in two different directions. Flexion and extension occur around the frontal axis and radial and ulnar deviation occurs around the sagittal axis. Ex- wrist

Answer 12

Biaxial/ condyloid/ ellipsoid joints

Question 13

Angular motion within three planes. Flexion/ Extension, AB/ADduction, Internal/ External Rotation. Ex- shoulder, hip

Answer 13

Triaxial/ ball&socket/ multiaxial

Question 14

Two bones of a joint are held together and supported by this structure. It helps to prevent or limit excessive joint motion. Not a unique feature.

Answer 14

Ligament

Question 15

Outer fibrous layer of the synovial joint that helps support the joint and inner lined portion of synovial membrane.

Answer 15

Joint capsule

Question 16

Lubricates the joint and provides nutrients for the cartilage, also acts a bit of a shock absorber

Answer 16

Synovial membrane/ synovial fluid

Question 17

Dense, fibrous connective tissue that can withstand great amount of stress and pressure. All synovial joints have hyaline and articular. Only some have fibro

Answer 17

Cartilage ( hyaline, articular, fibro)

Question 18

One way a muscle is connected to bone. Can be a cylindrical cord or flattened band but are encased in a tendon sheath

Answer 18

Tendon

Question 19

Broad, flat tendinous sheet, also how a muscle attaches to bone.

Answer 19

Aponeurosis

Question 20

Small, pad like sacs that can be found around most joints. They are fluid filled sacs that act as a cushion to reduce friction between tendon and bone

Answer 20

Bursae

Question 21

Passes through the body from front to back and divides the body into right and left parts. Motions include: flexion and extension

Answer 21

Sagittal plane

Question 22

Passes through the body from side to side and divides the body into front and back parts. Motions included: AB/ADduction

Answer 22

Frontal plane

Question 23

Passes through the body horizontally and divides the body into top and bottom parts. Motions included: rotation, rotation of shoulder and hip, supination and pronation

Answer 23

Transverse plane

Question 24

A point that runs through a joint from front to back

Answer 24

Sagittal axis

Question 25

Runs through a joint through from side to side

Answer 25

Frontal axis

Question 26

Runs through the joint from top to bottom. Also called the longitudinal axis

Answer 26

Vertical axis