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Systems > Chapter 4&5- Structuralism > Flashcards

Chapter 4&5- Structuralism Flashcards

1
Q

Thought meter / mind gauge made by Wundt to measure mental process of perceiving stimuli

A

Gedankenmesser

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2
Q

(T/F) Fechner was the founder of psychology as a formal academic discipline.

A

False. It was Wundt.

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3
Q

(T/F) Founding and originating are the same.

A

False

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4
Q

The book that firmly established psychology as an independent laboratory science with its own problems and methods of experimentation

A

Principles of Physiological Psychology

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5
Q

The _____ laboratory exerted immense influence on the development of modern psychology serving as the model for new laboratories and continuing research

A

Leipzig

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6
Q

(T/F) According to Wundt, simpler mental functions and higher mental processes can be studied through laboratory methods

A

False. Higher mental processes is not possible through scientific experimentation sonce they are conditioned by language and other aspects of cultural training

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7
Q

The idea that the mind has the capacity to organize mental contents into higher level thought processes

A

Voluntarism

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8
Q

(T/F)
immediate: the bread smells good
mediate: the bread is delicious

A

True (pls contact me if this is not right🤣)

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9
Q

It is the examination of one’s own mind to inspect and report on personal thoughts and feelings

A

introspection

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10
Q

The rules of introspection under Wundt:

A
  1. Observers must be able to determine when the process is to be inteoduced
  2. Observers must be in a state of readiness or strained attention
  3. It must be possible to repeat the observation several times
  4. It mus be possible to vary the experimental conditions in terms of controlled manipulation of variables
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11
Q

Wundt’s goals in studying the elements of consciousness (3)

A
  1. Analyze the conscious processes into their basic elements
  2. Discover how these elements are synthesized or organized
  3. Determine the laws of connection governing the organization of these elements
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12
Q

What are the two elementary forms of experience?

A

sensations and feelings

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13
Q

an elementary form of experience when a sense organ is stimulated and the resulting impulse reaches the brain

A

Sensations

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14
Q

(T/F) Sensations and images are the same for Wundt.

A

True. they both excite the cerebral cortex

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15
Q

An elementary form of experience which is the subjective complements of sensations but do not arise directly from a sense organ

A

Feelings

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16
Q

What is the tridimensional theory of feelings by Wundt?

A

Wundt’s explanation for feeling based on 3 dimensions
1. pleasure/displeasure
2. tension/relaxation
3. excitement/ depression

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17
Q

For Wundt, do sensations and feelings occur at the same time?

A

Yes they happen simultaneously. Feelings are complements to Sensations

18
Q

It is the process.of organizing mental elements into a whole creative synthesis (law of psychic resultants) which creates new properties from the building up or combining of elements

A

Apperception

19
Q

What were the criticisms to Wundt’s psychology? (3)

A
  1. Introspection yields disagreements because it is self observation
  2. His political stance on WWI
  3. Economic collapse after Germany lost WWI
20
Q

Who was thenfirst psycholisgist to investigate learning and memory experimentally?

A

Hermann Ebbinghaus 🏠

21
Q

It is the syllables that are presented in meaningless series to study memory processes

A

Nonsense syllables

22
Q

(T/F) One of Ebbinghaus’ investigations showed that meaningless material is approximately 5 times harder to learn than meaningful material

A

False. It is 9 times.

23
Q

(T/F) The forgetting curve shows that the material is forgotten rapidly in the first few hours after learning and more slowly thereafter

A

True

24
Q

He contradicted Wundt’s views and his approach to psychology was empirical than experimental. His primary method was observation.

A

Franz Brentano

25
Q

Focused on mental activities than mental components

A

act psychology

26
Q

The two ways to study mental acts

A
  1. Through Memory
  2. Through Imagination
27
Q

He argued that the primary data for psychology are phenomena

A

Carl Stumpf 😤

28
Q

Stumpf’ inteospective method that examined experience as it occured and did not try to reduce experience elementary components

A

Phenomenology

29
Q

He defined psychology as the sciece of facts of experience that is dependent on the experiencing person

A

Oswald Kulpe

30
Q

It uses the retrospective reports of subjects’ cognitive processes after they had conpleted an experimental task

A

Systematic Experimental Introspection

31
Q

the idea that meaning in thought can occur without sensory or imaginal component

A

imageless thought

32
Q

Edward Titchner focused on mental elements orncontents and their mechanical linking through apperception.

A

False. He discarded Wundt’s doctrine of apperception. Change it to association

33
Q

first woman to eran a doctoral degree in psychology

A

Margaret Floy Washburn

34
Q

It is confusing mental processes under study with the stimulus or objects being observed

A

Stimulus error

35
Q

(T/F) The consciousness and mind are similar
The consciousness is the sum of experiences as they exist at a given time

the mind is the sum of individual experiences accumulated over a life time

A

True

36
Q

(T/F) Titchner adopted Kulpe’s method of introspection

A

True

37
Q

Titchner was influenced by James Mill and the philosophy of mechanistic spirit. He called his subjects as?

A

Reagents

38
Q

What are the three elementary states of consciousness?

A

Sensations, Images, and Affective States

39
Q

What are the four attributes of mental elements? How can they be categorized?

A

Quality, Intensity, Duration, Clearness

40
Q

Which refers to the sensation’s strength, weakness, loudness, or brightness?

A

Intensity

41
Q

This refers to the course of sensation over time

A

Duration

Systems (3 decks)

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