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Image Production . > Chapter 4,5,6 > Flashcards

Chapter 4,5,6 Flashcards

1
Q

When the imaging plate is irradiated, Stimulates electrons enters the ________ layers

A

Active

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2
Q

Scintillators are phosphor that

A

Produces LIGHT when absorbing X RAYS

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3
Q

During laser beam formation both ends of the laser reflect back and forth so that the atoms:

A

Bombard each other

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4
Q

Coherent lights is formed by the laser because the photons

A

Travel in the same direction

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5
Q

The layer of the imaging plate that traps the electrons during experiments is the ______layer

A

Active

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6
Q

Photoconductive are material that

A

Absorb X RAYS and produced ELECTRON S

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7
Q

In a flat panel detector, specialized silicon integrated circuit control

A

Lining scanning sequence

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8
Q

The type of flat panel detector that uses thin film of SILICON integrated with arrays of photodiode is known as

A

Amorphous silicon detector

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9
Q

The phosphor layer is made of phosphor from the ______ family

A

Barium fluorohalide

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10
Q

The imaging plate layer the absorb stimulating light and reflect emitted light is the _____

A

Color layer

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11
Q

Which of the following serves to protect against static build up, dust collection, and mechanical damage to the imaging plate

A

Felt material

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12
Q

Sends light in a forward direction, decreases resolution

A

The reflection layer

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13
Q

Detector performance is measured with all of the following except

A

Contrast

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14
Q

A device that acts like a SWITCH to send electrical charges to the image
processor in a direct conversion flat-panel detector is known as a ______
transistor.

A

Field effect

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15
Q

Each light photon is assigned a number during:

A

Digitization

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16
Q

Indirect conversion in flat-panel detectors is a ____-step process.

A

Two

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17
Q

CsI detectors use

A

Thin crystalline needles

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18
Q

The optical mirror in the reader

A

Directs the laser beam to the imaging plate surface

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19
Q

Contain photostimulable phosphor that traps electrons during exposure ( ionization occurs

A

Phosphor layer or active layer

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20
Q

Thin, tough, clear plastic protects the phosphor layer?

A

Protective layer

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21
Q

Absorbs and reduces static electricity?

A

Conductive layer

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22
Q

Semi- rigid material that produces strength?

A

Support

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23
Q

Soft polymer that protects the BACK of the cassette?

A

Backing layer

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24
Q

Interactions gives energy to electrons in the crystals, trapping them in an
area of the crystal known as?

A

The color or phosphor center

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25
Q

Imaging plates ?

A

Are never completely erased

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26
Q

Residual trapped electrons are?

A

Too small to interfere with subsequent exposures

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27
Q

. At any point in time, a SINGLE LASER point radiates the image plate?

A

Point scan

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28
Q

Are based on simultaneous stimulation of the imaging plate one LINE at a
time?

A

Line scan

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29
Q

The movement of the laser across the imaging plate also known as
“scan”

A

Fast scan directions

30
Q

A device that includes a photosensitive array and small pixels that
convert light into electrical charges is known as a ______ transistor

A

thin-film

31
Q

The movement of the imaging plate through the reader also known as
“translation or subscan direction”

A

Slow Scan Direction

32
Q

A laser creates and amplifies a narrow intense beam of ? (
LIGHT
amplification by stimulated emission of radiation)

A

Coherent light

33
Q

34). Most common laser?

A

Helium Neon Laser

34
Q

The reader scans the plate with a

A

Red light in a zigzag pattern at 2ev

35
Q

The extra energy allows trapped electrons toESCAPE the active layer
where they emit visible

A

Blue light at 3ev

36
Q

The photodetector amplifies the light and sends it to an

A

Adc

37
Q

The laser scans across the imaging plate multiple times, this process is
known as

A

Translation

38
Q

The average fill factor of a DETECTOR is

A

50 to 80%

39
Q

This system is highly efficient and takes up less fill space than CCDs

A

CMOS

40
Q

CMOS stands for?

A

Complementary Metal Oxide Semi conductor

41
Q

Output signal to signal - to - noise ratio

A

DQE ratio

42
Q

The AMOUNT OF ELECTRONS produced relative to the incident light from the scintillator?

A

Quantum efficiency

43
Q

Overfill of the dels will cause a

A

Blooming effect

44
Q

The oldest indirect conversion digital radiography?

A

Charge Coupled Devices (CCD)

45
Q

What is grain calibration used for

A

correct flaws in the detector

46
Q

Detector performance measures

A

Numerical measurements of spatial resolution and DQE

(Highest DQE is 1)

47
Q

Each pixel contains

A

sensing and switching component

48
Q

The most popular type of Amorphous silicon detector uses a

A

Csl scintillator

49
Q

Phosphors that produce light when absorbing x-rays

A

Scintillators(Indirect capture)

50
Q

Absorb x-rays resulting and produce an electrical charge

A

Photoconductors (Direct capture

51
Q

KVP values outside of the range of 45-120 may be

A

Inconsistent amount of phosphor

may produce little or too much excitation of phosphors

52
Q

Insufficient phosphor stimulation

A

Too few photons no matter the kVp level will result in?

53
Q

CR grid frequency 150 or higher is used to

A

ensure they don’t match up

54
Q

Typical grid frequency is between

A

80 and 152 lines

55
Q

A post exposure image manipulation that adds a black background to the
original collimation edges ( Does NOT replace proper collimation)

A

Shuttering

56
Q

TFT flat panel was introduced In?

A

1995

57
Q

ComPuted RadiograPhy useS

A

PSP (where capture happens) then plate reader

58
Q

TFT and has *AMORPHOUS SELENIUM *
- (No light)
- Has one steps

A

Direct Capture uses

59
Q

What uses Cesium Iodide (CCD) , TFT AMORPHOUS SILICON * ( Creates light), and Has two steps

A

Indirect Capture

60
Q

mAs was selected according to the?

A

Number of photons required for the body part

61
Q

The more angled the beam,

A

The more elliptical the shape of the beam

62
Q

Differing spatial resolution and inconsistent output signals depending on
the position and ANGLE of the BEAM results in

A

elliptical shape of the beam

63
Q

To correct the beam

A

It is shaped by special optics

64
Q

Mirrors are used to ensure that the beam is

A

Positioned consistently

65
Q

The typical THROUGHPUT is

A

50 cassettes per hour

66
Q

Represents CHANGING VALUE as continuously variable physical quantities?

A

Analog

67
Q

The thinner the phosphor layer,?

A

The higher the resolution

68
Q

Systems erase the plate once a week by flooding it with bright ___ to REMOVE TRAPPED ELECTRONS left after the initial plate reading.

A

White Light

69
Q

KVP was selected for?

A

Penetration and tissue type

70
Q

mAs was selected according to the?

A

Number of photons required for the body part

Image Production . (6 decks)

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