Chapter 4 & 5 Flashcards
Define personality
Personality is a dynamic concept describing the
growth and development of a person’s whole
psychological system.
The sum total of ways in which an individual reacts
to and interacts with others.
Define heredity
refers to those factors that were
determined at conception.
What are some personality traits?
Shy, aggressive, submissive, lazy, ambitious, loyal,
and timid.
One of the most widely used personality frameworks
is the
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).
Individuals are classified as:
Extroverted or Introverted (E or I)
Sensing or Intuitive (S or N)
Thinking or Feeling (T or F)
Perceiving or Judging (P or J)
Identify the Key Traits in the
Big Five Personality Model
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
Emotional stability
Openness to experience
What is the The Dark Triad?
Machiavellianism – the degree to which an
individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional
distance, and believes that ends can justify means.
Narcissism – the tendency to be arrogant, have a
grandiose sense of self-importance, require
excessive admiration, and have a sense of
entitlement.
Psychopathy – the tendency for a lack of concern
for others and a lack of guilt or remorse when their
actions cause harm.
What is the approach avoidance framework?
The approach-avoidance framework – casts
personality traits as motivations.
What is self core evaluation?
bottom line conclusions
individuals have about their capabilities,
competence, and worth as a person.
What is self monitoring?
measures an individual’s ability
to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational
factors.
What is proactive personality ?
people who identify
opportunities, show initiative, take action, and
persevere until meaningful change occurs.
What is Situation strength theory
indicates that the
way personality translates into behavior
depends on the strength of the situation.
Describe Values
basic convictions about what is right, good, or
desirable.
What is value systems?
ranks values in terms of intensity.
The Importance and Organization of Values
Values lay the foundation for understanding of
attitudes and motivation.
Values generally influence attitudes and behaviors.
What are Terminal values?
desirable end-states of existence.
What are instrumental values?
preferred modes of behavior or
means of achieving terminal values.
