Chapter 4 Flashcards
What senses can trigger a set of responses that prepare the digestive tract to receive food?
Sight, smell, thought, taste, and sound
As we are preparing to eat we secrete a hormone called
Gastrin
Which hormone stimulates the activity of cells inside your stomach, allows to produce digestive enzymes, and speeds up our metabolism.
Gastrin
What causes the gurgling in our stomach?
Muscle contractions and gas.
Functions of the Gastrointestinal Tract
- Ingestion
- Transport
- Secretions
- Absorption
- Elimination
Ingestion
Taking food in
Transport
Nutrients throughout the body, packaged fat.
Secretion
hydrochloric acid and enzymes
Absorption
Important role in digestive tract.
Getting nutrients from food into your body.
Movement
Muscle contractions
Elimination
Wastes; anything that is going to be removed from the body.
Two Components of physical movements of digestion
- Peristalsis
2. Segmentation
Peristalsis
moving food in one direction. (tube of toothpaste.)
Segmentation
Contraction of circular muscles. Breaking larger foods into smaller and smaller foods in order to digest.
Components of the chemical breakdown of digestion
Enzymes Other secretions (Acid, Base, Bile, Mucus)
T/F: You can throw up food that is in your small intestine.
TRUE`
Where does bile come from?
Liver. Stored in Gallbladder.
Function of Epithelial Cells
protect the stomach from the stomach acid.
Passive diffusion
NO energy required
Moves through the cell membrane ALONG normal concentration gradient.
Water and Fat soluble molecule.
Facilitated diffusion
NO energy required
Moves through protein channels ALONG a normal concentration gradient
Changes shape
Active transport
YES requires energy (ATP)
Goes AGAINST its normal concentration gradient.
Co-Transport
NO energy required.
Allows glucose to go AGAINST its normal concentration gradient
Binds to a another molecule.
3 Salivary Glands
- Parotid (largest)
- Sub-lingual (under tongue)
- Sub- mandibular.
Function of Salivary Glands
Moisten food
Supply enzymes
