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Nutrition Test 1 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Provides health benefits beyond nutrition is known as?

A

Functional Foods

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2
Q

Functional Foods contain

A

Phytochemical’s

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3
Q

Most Phytochemical’s functions as what?

A

Antioxidants

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4
Q

Where do you find phytochemical?

A

Plant Sources

ex: Fruits, Veggies, Whole grain, Legumes, Wine

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5
Q

What are Antioxidants?

A

Free radicals

Reduce heart disease and risk of cancer.

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6
Q

Are Phytochemical’s essential for life?

A

NO (not classified as a nutrient)

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7
Q

What are the 2 reasons to adding health promoting properties during processing?

A
  1. Replace the nutrient that was removed during processing

2. Or to increase the nutritional quality of the food.

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8
Q

Benefits to phytochemical’s

A

Decreases the risk of chronic diseases (Cancer, CVD)

Neutralize free radicals.

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9
Q

What are regulatory issues for functional foods?

A

Foods, Drugs, and Dietary Supplements

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10
Q

What does GRAS stand for?

A

Generally Recognized As Safe

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11
Q

GRAS guidelines apply to what?

A

Additives in functional foods

ex: Herbs and other novel ingredients

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12
Q

What are direct additives?

A

Added to foods for specific reason (put in on purpose)

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13
Q

What are indirect additives?

A

Unintentionally become part of a food (part of process)

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14
Q

Purpose of Direct Additives?

A
  1. Maintain product consistency
  2. Improve or maintain nutritional value
  3. Keep food appetizing and wholesome
  4. Provide leavening or control acidity and alkalinity
  5. Enhance flavor or color
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15
Q

What is regulated by and approved by the FDA?

A

Food additives
Color additives
GRAS (ex: salt, sugar, spices)
Prior- sanctioned substance (ex: sodium nitrate)

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16
Q

The Delaney Clause applies to what?

A

Food and color additives.

NO approval if additive causes cancer in humans and animals.

17
Q

T/F: There is a controversy associated with amount tested in animals vs. actual human consumption

A

TRUE

Delaney Clause

18
Q

Structure and Function claims for functional foods are based on what?

A

nutritive value of foods

19
Q

If a dietary supplement does not give a definition and says “Good for Bone Health” it means what..?

A

It is not strictly regulated.

20
Q

What type of people need to increase their nutrient intake?

A
  • Pregnant and breastfeeding women
  • Women with heavy menstrual losses
  • Older people
  • Vegetarians
  • Infants only being breast fed
21
Q

T/F: Children who have a good well balanced diet do not need to increase their daily nutrient intake through supplements.

A

TRUE

22
Q

Top percent for Megadoses?

A

150%

23
Q

A condition that prevents absorption of nutrients through the small intestine?

A

Malabsorption syndromes

24
Q

Moderate Supplementation

A
  • Look for brands that contain at least 20 vitamins and minerals
  • No more than 100% of its Daily Value
25
Q

Achieving the optimal nutrition levels in the body is considered what?

A

orthomolecular nutrition

26
Q

Drawbacks of megadoses

A

Can act as a drug
Can create deficits of other nutrients
Can interfere with absorption of others

27
Q

T/F: The approval of the FDA is required.

A

FALSE not required.

28
Q

What does FTC stand for?

A

Federal Trade Commission

29
Q

T/F: The supplement labels have to have the ingredient information and the supplement fact panel.

A

TRUE

30
Q

Structure/function claims

A

-Must have “disclaimer” statement on label
-Does NOT mention a specific disease.
Ex. Vit. D helps common cold.

31
Q

Which claims are allowed on supplement labels?

A 
Health claims (approved by FDA)
Structure/function claims
Nutrient content claims
32
Q

Nutrient Content Claims

A

Consistent with definitions approved for foods

33
Q

T/F: “Cures a wide range of disease” AND “No side effects, only benefits” are example of Fraudulent products.

A

TRUE

Nutrition Test 1 (3 decks)

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