Chapter 4 ( 4.5-4.11) Flashcards
What is dense connective tissue proper?
less ground substance, more fibers
What is mesenchyme tissue?
embryonic connective tissue(first tissue ONLY found in embryo, they are stem cells found in adults)
What is mucous connective tissue?
Loose embryonic connective tissue found in umblical cord
What is loose connective tissue proper?
(Packing materials) fills spaces between organs, cushion cells, and supports attached epthelia
What is areolar C.T?
least specialized type of C.T. (found in deep layer of skin)
What is Adipose C.T?
Contains many fat cells,shrink as fats released & expand to store fats
What is white fat?
Most common type of fat, found in adults(absorbs shocks & slows heat loss)
What is brown fat?
Found in infants & young children (It’s brown cuz more vascularized) When fat is broken down & released it’s used for body temp
What is reticular C.T?
Complex 3-dimensional network,consist of fibers that support functional cells
What is dense regular C.T?
Contains fibroblast & tightly packed collagen fibers in parellel to resist force in one direction(ex: makes damaged tendons & ligaments slow to heal)
What is dense irregular C.T?
Networks of collagen & elastic fibers, Resist forces in different directions(Found in deep layer of skin)
What is Elastic C.T?
amounts of elastic fibers(found in spinal vertebrae,and wall like the aorta)
What is fasciae?
C.T. layers & wrapping that support & surround organs
What is superficial fasciae?
separates skin from underlying tissue,allowing to move independently while providing padding(fat under skin)
What is deep fasica?
middle layer,fibers in each layer are in different direction to add strength & form strong fibrous internal framework
What are subserous fascia?
deepest layer, separates deep fascia from mesothelium of serous membrane that line body cavities
What is interstital fluid?
Between cells, formed when blood pressure forces fluid out of capillaries
What are platelets?
promote blood clotting
What is cartilage?
Only avasular C.T
What are chondrocytes?
Cartilage cells that live in chamber spaces called lacunae
What is perichondrium?
membrane that surrounds cartilage
What is hyaline cartilage?
tough, somewhat flexible support, reduces friction between bones(ex: strenum & joints)
What is elastic cartilage?
Supportive but bends easily(ex: ear)
What is fibrocartilage?
Very durable & tough, limits movement, while resisting compression & prevents bone to bone contact(ex:knee joint)
What is periosteum?
membrane that surrounds bone
What is the osteon?
functional unit of compact bone
What is the central canal?
center & contains blood vessels & nerves
What is the lamellae?
layers of bone matrix around central canal while containing lacuna & ostrocytes
What is canaliculi?
allows substance to diffuse between central canal & osteocytes(oxygen,carbon dixoide)
What is the serous membrane (serosae)?
Lines body cavities that are not open to exterior of body, thin yet strong to reduce friction(ex:Thoracic & abdominal)
What is the pleura?
covers lungs & lines pleura cavities
What is the peritoneum?
Covers abdominal organs & lines peritoneal cavity
What is the cutaneous membrane?
SKIN, that is thick & water resistant & dry
What is the synovial membrane?
lines moving,articulating joint cavities, protects ends of long bones & releases synovial fluid for lubrication (ex: between hip-joint & knee)
What is skeletal muscle?
Move the skeleton for body motion, cells are very strong,multinucleated, & striated. (voluntarity controlled)
What is cardiac muscle?
Cells are branching,uninucleated, striated. Cells are connected & communicate at interclated discs(involuntary control)
What is smooth muscle?
Found in walls of hollow,contracting organs,cells are small & spindle-shaped,unincucleated, non-striated (involuntary control)
What are neurons?
Main functional cell that conducts signals
What is the cell body?
contains nucleus & most other organelles
What are dendrites?
Receives a signal (look like branches)
What are axons?
Sends a signal (called action potential)
What is the neuroglia?
supporting cells,repairs & supplies nutrients to neurons
What can cause inflammation?
1.Trauma(physical injury)
2. Infection (presence of harmful pathogens)
What are histamine,heparinm & prostaglandins?
The 3 factors that trigger inflammation
What is regeneration?
When injury or infection is cleaned up regeneration begans.
