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Public Health 102 > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Model Defintion

A

Used to develop theories or are used independent of theories

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2
Q

Why is Model Definition important?

A

Represent interactions between concepts in order to show patterns

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3
Q

Theory Definition

A
  • Based on tested and observable facts

- Based on fact, laws and principles while leaving room for unanswered questions

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4
Q

Why isTheory important?

A
  • Theories are challenged and tested
  • Stand the test of time or are deemed lacking credibility
  • Used to increase and validate knowledge
  • Test a hypothesis, investigate a phenomenon or validate an existing body of knowledge
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5
Q

Universal Theories: Gravitational Theory:

A

Theory of gravity and relativity

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6
Q

System Theories

and Example

A

Break apart a concept for the purpose of studying each segment independently
- Examples: The Ecological Model

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7
Q

Ecological Model

A

Focus on the interaction between behavioral patterns and social environmental factors

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8
Q

Five main constructs of the Ecological Model include:

A
  1. Intrapersonal Factors (Knowledge, attitude, skills)
  2. Interpersonal Relationships (Social network)
  3. Organizational Factors (Environmental)
  4. Community Factors (Cultural values and norms)
  5. Public Policy (Laws and Regulations)
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9
Q

What is the PRECEDE Model?

A
  • Predisposing
  • Reinforcing
  • Enabling Constructs in Educational and Environmental Diagnosis
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10
Q

What is the PROCEDE Model?

A
  • Policy
  • Regulatory
  • Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Diagnosis
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11
Q

Phases of the PRECEDE Model

A 
Phase 1 – Social Assessment
Phase 2 – Epidemiological Assessment
- Behavioral
- Environmental
- Lifestyle behaviors
Phase 3 – Identification of Factors
- Predisposing 
- Enabling
- Reinforcing
Phase 4 – Administrative and Financial Policies
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12
Q

Phases of the PROCEDE Model

A

Phase 5 – Design and Conduct Intervention
Phase 6 – Process Evaluation
Phase 7 – Impact Evaluation
Phase 8 – Outcome Evaluation

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13
Q

RE-AIM Model Acronym

A
  • Reach
  • Efficacy
  • Adoption
  • Implementation
  • Maintenance
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14
Q

Health Belief Model

A

Incorporates cues to action which are internal or external events that motivate individuals to act

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15
Q

Stages of Change Model (Transtheoretical Model)

A
  • Describes the stages of an individual’s readiness to change a specific health behavior
  • Six stage circular model includes:
    1. Precontemplation
    2. Contemplation
    3. Preparation
    4. Action
    5. Maintenance
    6. Termination
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16
Q

Theory of Reasoned Action

A
  • Developed to predict and understand human behavior
  • Has four constructs:
    1. Individuals believe that if a behavior is performed, a given outcome will occur
    2. Behavior is influenced by motivation to comply with social norms
    3. Attitude plays a role in behavior
    4. Subjective norms affect beliefs
17
Q

Gantt charts

A

Illustrate schedules, tasks and activities over a specific time period of the project

18
Q

Action plan

A

Track each activity related to goals, objectives, activities and the person responsible

19
Q

S.W.O.T. Analysis

A

(Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats)

- Allows the team members to explore the project from various viewpoints that may be overlooked in the daily routine

20
Q

Social Learning Theory (Social Cognitive Theory)

A

Combines interactive factors to understand human behavior

  • Includes five constructs:
    1. Behavioral capability
    2. Expectations
    3. Self-efficacy
    4. Environment
    5. Reinforcement
  • Direct reinforcement
  • Vicarious reinforcement
  • Self-management self-control reinforcement
21
Q

Vicarious reinforcement

A

our tendency to repeat or duplicate behaviors for which others are being rewarded

22
Q

Self- Efficacy

A

reflects confidence in the ability to exert control over one’s own motivation, behavior, and social environment

23
Q

Diffusion of Innovations Theory

A

How individuals adopt new ideas, products and social practices across a community or from one community to another

24
Q

Five-step innovation-decision process:

A
  1. Knowledge
  2. Persuasion
  3. Decision
  4. Implementation
  5. Confirmation
25
Q

Different forms of Social Support:

A
  • Emotional support
  • Instrumental support
  • Informational support
  • Appraisal support
26
Q

Social Support

A

the perception and actuality that one is cared for, has assistance available from other people, and that one is part of a supportive social network

Public Health 102 (10 decks)

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