Chapter 4: 4.1 Electronic Configurations, Properties, and Complexes Flashcards
What are the d-block elements usually known as?
Transition metals
Define:
Complex
Any compound that contains several atoms, including at least one transition metal atom or ion
Define:
Ligand
Any molecule or ion that is bonded to the metal centre
Ligands can be _______ _________ or they can be ______
Neutral molecules
Anions
True or False:
Neutral ligands keep the same name when present in a complex
True
What’s different about the names of anionic ligands?
Always end in the letter “o”
Most _____-__-______ bonds are considered polar covalent bonds
Metal-to-ligand
What are metal-to-ligand bonds sometimes treated as?
Ionic
Define:
Donor atom
Atom of a ligand that is directly bonded to the metal center
Describe a monodentate ligand
One tooth, ligand that contains only one donor atom
Describe a bidentate ligand
Two teeth, contains two donor atoms
Define:
Chelating ligand
When two or more donor atoms of the same ligand are bound to the same metal center
Is the bonding of a chelate ligand strong?
Yes, as it is a “claw”
What are chelates?
Coordination compounds that contain chelating ligands
Define:
Linkage isomers
Two complexes differ only by the donor atom of a ligand
When writing the formula of a complex, the convention is to:
Include the metal and all of its ligands in square brackets
The combination of complex cations and complex anions to make salts, gives rise to:
Coordination isomers
Coordination isomers are only possible for:
Salts in which both the cation and anion are complex ions
Define:
Ionization isomers
Another structural isomer, result from an interchange of an anionic ligand within the coordination sphere with an anion outside of the coordination sphere
Define:
Coordination number
The number of atoms directly bound to the metal center
Define:
Stereochemistry
Describes how the coordinated atoms are arranged in space
Are coordination numbers 2 and 3 common?
Not really, except for the ions Cu(I), Ag(I), and Au(I)
What is the typical stereochemistry of coordination numbers 2 and 3?
2: Linear
3: Trigonal Planar
Is coordination number 4 common?
Yes
What are stereochemistry are the coordination number 4?
Tetrahedral
Square planar
Define:
Stereoisomers
Different, non-interconverting spatial arrangements
Is coordination number 5 common?
No, it is uncommon
What is stereochemistry of coordination number 5?
Trigonal bipyramidal
Square pyramidal
What is the most common coordination number for transition metals?
6
What is stereochemistry for coordination number 6?
Almost always octahedral or distorted octahedral
What are the possible stereoisomers of a coordination number 6? Describe them
cis- (same side of plane)
trans- (different side of plane)
fac- (forms a face)
mer- (forms a meridian)
Porphine-metal complexes are known as:
Porphyrin
Hemoglobin is a __________ protein
Tetrameric (with four subunits)
Describe Henry’s Law
The direct relationship between the amount of gas that is dissolved and the partial pressure of the gas
