chapter 4 Flashcards
balanced diet
a diet that provides all the body’s needs for energy, growth, repair and infection control
‘five a day’
the recommended number of fruit and vegetable portions to be eaten each day
EAR’s
(estimated average requirements); an estimate of the energy a person needs to get from food
RNI’s
(reference nutrient intakes): an estimate of an average person’s nutrient needs to come from food
‘eat well plate’
a visual image of the recommended daily proportions to come from each of the five food groups
deficiency
a lack of something causing a negative effect
anemia
not enough red blood cells, common if iron is lacking in the diet
use by date
the date that manufacturers recommend that food must be eaten by
best before date
the last date that the food is safe to eat
food additives
natural or chemically made substances added to foods
allergens
natural substances that can cause allergies
kosher
food prepared and cleaned according to Jewish rules
colostrum
the rich creamy milk produced by the mother in the first few days after birth
antibodies
the defensive system in the body
fore milk
the initial milk produced during a breastfeed that satisfies immediate hunger
hind milk
the second,richer milk produced during a breast feed which gives a longer term satisfaction
lactose
a milk-sugar in cows milk that is not easily digested by some babies
gastroenteritis
a bacterial infection of the stomach which causes sickness and diarrhea
mastitis
a painful inflammation of the breast
engorgement
where the breast is over-full with milk, making it hard for the baby to suckle from and painful for the mother
sterilization
a method of cleaning that destroys germs
cooled boiled water
water that has been boiled and left to cool. It is used for making up formula feeds.
weaning
the gradual introduction of solid foods to a baby
food allergy
where the body’s immune system thinks a (usually safe) food is harmful and fights against it.
food intolerance
where the body’s digestive system does not produce enough of a particular enzyme to digest a food properly
celiac disease
an intolerance to a protein called gluten, which is found in wheat, rye, barley and oats
halal
to kill animals according to Muslim law
anaphalaxis
a severe sometimes life threatening allergic reaction
poor diet
a diet that lacks sufficient nutrients for good health
obesity
being seriously overweight an risking health problems
good hygiene practice
careful hand washing before handling food and after nappy changing sneezing or going to the toilet
personal care
keeping one’s own body generally clean by good hand washing, bathing, hair and nail-care, etc
cross infection
the passing of germs from one to another
vaccination
a procedure often an injection,to protect against an infectious illness
immunization programme
a set of vaccinations that gradually build up the level of protection needed
pyrexia
a raised temperature over 37.5’C
dehydration
when the body has lost too much fluid, often as a result of vomiting,diarrhea or pyrexia
febrile convulsion
a severe reaction by some children to a high temperature
ward play worker
a trained carer or nurse who understands the specific needs of children while in hospital
passive smoking
the involuntary inhalation of tobacco, smoke from cigarettes, pipes etc
