chapter 4

Question 1

balanced diet

Answer 1

a diet that provides all the body’s needs for energy, growth, repair and infection control

Question 2

‘five a day’

Answer 2

the recommended number of fruit and vegetable portions to be eaten each day

Question 3

EAR’s

Answer 3

(estimated average requirements); an estimate of the energy a person needs to get from food

Question 4

RNI’s

Answer 4

(reference nutrient intakes): an estimate of an average person’s nutrient needs to come from food

Question 5

‘eat well plate’

Answer 5

a visual image of the recommended daily proportions to come from each of the five food groups

Question 6

deficiency

Answer 6

a lack of something causing a negative effect

Question 7

anemia

Answer 7

not enough red blood cells, common if iron is lacking in the diet

Question 8

use by date

Answer 8

the date that manufacturers recommend that food must be eaten by

Question 9

best before date

Answer 9

the last date that the food is safe to eat

Question 10

food additives

Answer 10

natural or chemically made substances added to foods

Question 11

allergens

Answer 11

natural substances that can cause allergies

Question 12

kosher

Answer 12

food prepared and cleaned according to Jewish rules

Question 13

colostrum

Answer 13

the rich creamy milk produced by the mother in the first few days after birth

Question 14

antibodies

Answer 14

the defensive system in the body

Question 15

fore milk

Answer 15

the initial milk produced during a breastfeed that satisfies immediate hunger

Question 16

hind milk

Answer 16

the second,richer milk produced during a breast feed which gives a longer term satisfaction

Question 17

lactose

Answer 17

a milk-sugar in cows milk that is not easily digested by some babies

Question 18

gastroenteritis

Answer 18

a bacterial infection of the stomach which causes sickness and diarrhea

Question 19

mastitis

Answer 19

a painful inflammation of the breast

Question 20

engorgement

Answer 20

where the breast is over-full with milk, making it hard for the baby to suckle from and painful for the mother

Question 21

sterilization

Answer 21

a method of cleaning that destroys germs

Question 22

cooled boiled water

Answer 22

water that has been boiled and left to cool. It is used for making up formula feeds.

Question 23

weaning

Answer 23

the gradual introduction of solid foods to a baby

Question 24

food allergy

Answer 24

where the body’s immune system thinks a (usually safe) food is harmful and fights against it.

Question 25

food intolerance

Answer 25

where the body’s digestive system does not produce enough of a particular enzyme to digest a food properly

Question 26

celiac disease

Answer 26

an intolerance to a protein called gluten, which is found in wheat, rye, barley and oats

Question 27

halal

Answer 27

to kill animals according to Muslim law

Question 28

anaphalaxis

Answer 28

a severe sometimes life threatening allergic reaction

Question 29

poor diet

Answer 29

a diet that lacks sufficient nutrients for good health

Question 30

obesity

Answer 30

being seriously overweight an risking health problems

Question 31

good hygiene practice

Answer 31

careful hand washing before handling food and after nappy changing sneezing or going to the toilet

Question 32

personal care

Answer 32

keeping one’s own body generally clean by good hand washing, bathing, hair and nail-care, etc

Question 33

cross infection

Answer 33

the passing of germs from one to another

Question 34

vaccination

Answer 34

a procedure often an injection,to protect against an infectious illness

Question 35

immunization programme

Answer 35

a set of vaccinations that gradually build up the level of protection needed

Question 36

pyrexia

Answer 36

a raised temperature over 37.5’C

Question 37

dehydration

Answer 37

when the body has lost too much fluid, often as a result of vomiting,diarrhea or pyrexia

Question 38

febrile convulsion

Answer 38

a severe reaction by some children to a high temperature

Question 39

ward play worker

Answer 39

a trained carer or nurse who understands the specific needs of children while in hospital

Question 40

passive smoking

Answer 40

the involuntary inhalation of tobacco, smoke from cigarettes, pipes etc