Chapter 4 Flashcards
what are the objectives of Canada’s dietary guidelines
the objectives are to promote healthy eating and overall nutritional well-being, and support improvements to the Canadian food environment
who is the intended audience of Canada’s dietary guidelines
health professionals and policy makers
what are the guidelines a resource for
the guidelines are a resource for developing nutrition policies, programs, and educational resources for members of the Canadian population two years of age and older
what should individuals with specific dietary requirements do
individuals with specific dietary requirements / those receiving care in a clinical setting should find additional guidance or specialized advice from a dietitian
what is guideline 1
nutritious foods are the foundation for healthy eating
according to guideline 1, what should your beverage of choice be
water
according to guideline 1, what are some nutritious foods for healthy eating
vegetables, fruit, whole grains, and protein foods
what is guideline 2
processed or prepared foods and beverages that contribute to excess sodium, free sugars, or saturated fat undermine healthy eating and should not be consumed regularly
what has the potential to negatively impact health with they are regularly consumed
processed foods and beverages
what is guideline 3
food skills are needed to navigate the complex food environment and support healthy eating
what should be promoted as a practical way to support healthy eating
cooking and food preparation using nutritious foods
what should be promoted as a tool to help Canadians make informed food choices
food labels
what is Canada’s food guide
Canada’s food guide is a nutrition guide produced by Health Canada
when was Canada’s food guide updated and released to the general public
January 2019
what does the 2019 revision from Health Canada recommend
it recommends eating plenty of vegetables and fruits, whole grain foods and protein foods. Choose protein foods that come from plants more often
how was Canada’s food guide prepared
the guide was prepared using scientific reports on food and health, excluding industry-commissioned reports given the potential for conflicts of interest
What are Canada’s food guide’s healthy eating recommended
- healthy eating is more than the foods you eat. it is also about where, when, why, and how you eat
- be mindful of your eating habits
- cook more often
- enjoy your food
- eat meals with others
- make it a habit to eat a variety of healthy foods each day
- eat plenty of vegetables and fruits, whole grain foods and protein foods. choose protein foods that come from plants more often
- limit highly processed foods. if you choose these foods, eat them less often and in small amounts
- make water your drink of choice
- use food labels
- be aware that food marketing can influence your choices
where is guidance on nutrition during infancy avaliable
this information is available in the guidance document nutrition for healthy term infants
when should you breastfeed your baby
exclusively for the first six months and continued for up to two years or longer with appropriate complementary feeding
what is complementary feeding important for
complementary feeding is important for the nutrition, immunologic protection, growth, and development of infants and toddlers
how long is infancy
the period of time between birth and 2 years of age
when is body development very rapid
body development is very rapid during infancy
what can nutritional deficiencies and excess during infancy have a negative impact on
they can have an impact on growth and development throughout an individual’s entire life
what are some special concerns in infancy and young children
- do not promote low-fat diet for infants or young children
- these age groups need more fats and cholesterol than any other age group
- do not give skim milk to a child unless directed by a physician
- only use breast milk, formula or homogenized milk
what is baby bottle syndrome
rapid tooth decay that occurs in young children from the use of a baby bottle as a pacifier, either at night or during the day, the effects of this may not show up until 2 or 3 years after the child has given up the bottle
what are some tips to prevent baby bottle syndrome
- do not put flavored milk, juice, soda, or any sweetened substance into a babied bottle
- do not dip the bottle nipple or pacifier in sugar before giving it to a baby
- do not put a child down to sleep with a bottle containing a sweetened substance. the residue is left on the babies’ teeth during sleep and contributes to the problem
special concerns - the preschool child
- during this phase of life the enthusiasm for eating is notably less than infancy
- growth rate has decreased and less energy is needed so the child is not as hungry
- although they are picky eaters at this stage, their nutrition is still extremely important
- at this stage food preferences and eating patterns are being established so parental guidance in food selection and regulation of food choices is necessary
special concerns - the school aged child
- the child continues to need a diet that meets his nutritional requirements
- eating patterns are still being established
- at this stage food has important social, emotional, and psychological implications
- strong nutritional guidelines to make proper food choices is still needed
- at this age the child should start to learn the essentials of good nutrition and how to select good foods themselves
special concerns - adolescence
- a period of rapid physical growth and development, second only to infancy
- growth spurt usually occurs
- period of intense change and stress. because of this fact nutritional and energy needs are greatly accelerated
- teenagers still need guidance in making dietary choices but they are not likely to accept it from their parents
what are the common eating disorders that arise in adolescence
anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
anorexia nervosa
an illness characterized by excessive self-imposed weight loss and a distorted attitude toward eating and body weight
anorexia can cause
- failure to develop normally
- amenorrhea (lack of menstruation)
- muscle weakness
- electrolyte imbalances
- chronic heart disorders
- kidney impairment
what does anorexia treatment involve
treatment involves physiological means to help the patient gain back weight and psychological help to overcome the cause of the disorder
what is bulimia
bulimia is an illness characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging
what is binge eating
the rapid consumption of large amounts of food in a short period of time
what is purging
self-induced vomiting or the overuse of laxative or diuretics
what is binge eating and purging associated with
binge eating and purging is associated with serious health consequences including electrolyte imbalances which may cause heart failure
