Chapter 4 Flashcards
Pure Covalent Bonds
between atoms of the same element (diatomics)
Polar Covalent Bonds
occur when one of the elements in a covalent bonds want the electrons in their orbits more than the other element
Periodic Trend (electronegativity)
decreases down a group, increases across a period
Carbon to Hydrogen bonds are considered…
non-polar bonds
Ionic Naming (steps)
- cation first, then anion
- monoatomic cation = name of the element
- monoatomic anion = name of element - ending + ide
When naming ionic formulas, a polyatomic ion is…
given the name of the ion
Transition Metal Ionic Naming (steps)
- name of the metal
- charge of metal ion is specified by a roman numeral in parentheses
- monoatomic anion = name of element - ending + ide
Hydrates Naming (steps)
- name anhydrous compound (follow ionic naming steps)
- hydrate with Greek prefix denoting the # of water molecules
Binary Covalent Compound Naming (steps)
- name the more metallic element
- name the less metallic element - ending + ide
- # of atoms of each element are denoted by Greek prefixes
Acids
- compound contains hydrogen
- release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
- aqueous when mixed with water
Binary Acids Naming (steps)
- use prefix hydro-
- nonmetallic element name -ending + ic
- “acid”
Binary Acids
have hydrogen as their first element and a nonmetal element as their second element
Oxyacids
- contain hydrogen, oxygen, and at least one other element
- bonded so as to impart acidic properties
- hydrogen and an oxygen containing polyatomic ion
Oxyacids Naming (steps)
- omit “hydrogen”
- root name of the anion
- replace -ate with -ic
- replace -ite with -ous
- “acid”
Ionic Equations
molecular equations don’t explicitly represent the ionic species that are present in the solution
