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Unix/Linux Operating Systems > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Contains binary commands for use by all users (on most Linux systems, this directory is a shortcut to /usr/bin)

A

/bin

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2
Q

Contains the Linux kernel and files used by the boot loader

A

/boot

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3
Q

Contains device files

A

/dev

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4
Q

Contains system-specific configuration files

A

/etc

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5
Q

Is the default location for user home directories

A

/home

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6
Q

Contains shared program libraries (used by the commands in /bin and /sbin) as well as kernel modules

A

/lib

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7
Q

A directory that contains subdirectories used for accessing (mounting) filesystems on removable media devices such as floppy disks, DVDs, and USB flash drives

A

/media

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8
Q

An empty directory used for temporarily accessing filesystems on removable media devices

A

/mnt

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9
Q

Stores additional software programs

A

/opt

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10
Q

Contains process and kernel information

A

/proc

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11
Q

Is the root user’s home directory

A

/root

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12
Q

Contains system binary commands (used for administration)

A

/sbin

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13
Q

Contains configuration information for hardware devices on the system

A

/sys

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14
Q

Holds temporary files created by programs

A

/tmp

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15
Q

Contains most system commands and utilities

A

/usr

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16
Q

Is the location for most additional programs

A

/usr/local

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17
Q

Contains log files and spools

A

/var

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18
Q

Creates directories

A

mkdir

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19
Q

Removes empty directories

A

rmdir

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20
Q

Moves/renames files and directories

A

mv

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21
Q

Copies files and directories full of files (with the –r or –R option)

A

cp

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22
Q

Displays BASH shell aliases

A

alias

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23
Q

Removes files and directories full of files (with the –r or –R option)

A

rm

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24
Q

Removes files

A

unlink

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25
Q

The section within an inode of a file or directory that lists the permissions assigned to users and groups on the file or directory.

A

access control list (ACL)

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26
Q

A command used to change filesystem attributes for a Linux file.

A

chattr (change attributes) command

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27
Q

A command used to change the group owner of a file or directory

A

chgrp (change group) command

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28
Q

A command used to change the mode (permissions) of a file or directory.

A

chmod (change mode) command

29
Q

A command used to change the owner and group owner of a file or directory.

A

chown (change owner) command

30
Q

A command used to create copies of files and directories.

A

cp (copy) command

31
Q

A filesystem allocation unit in which the data that makes up the contents of the file as well as the filename are stored.

A

Data blocks

32
Q

A standard outlining the location of set files and directories on a Linux or UNIX system.

A

Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)

33
Q

A command used to find files on the filesystem using various criteria.

A

find command

34
Q

A command used to list all ACL entries for a particular Linux file or directory.

A

getfacl (get file ACL) command

35
Q

When used in the mode of a certain file or directory, the collection of users who have ownership of that file or directory.

A

Group

36
Q

A file joined to other files on the same filesystem that shares the same inode.

A

Hard link

37
Q

The portion of a file that stores information on the file’s attributes, access permissions, location, ownership, and file type.

A

Inode

38
Q

The collection of inodes for all files and directories on a filesystem.

A

Inode table

39
Q

The mode that file management commands use when a file can be overwritten; the system interacts with a user asking the user to confirm the action.

A

Interactive mode

40
Q

A command used to create hard and symbolic links.

A

ln (link) command

41
Q

A command used to locate files from a file database.

A

locate command

42
Q

A command used to list filesystem attributes for a Linux file.

A

lsattr (list attributes) command

43
Q

A command used to create directories.

A

mkdir (make directory) command

44
Q

The part of the inode that stores information on access permissions.

A

Mode

45
Q

A command used to move/rename files and directories.

A

mv (move) command

46
Q

When used in the mode of a certain file or directory, all the users on the Linux system.

A

Other

47
Q

The user whose name appears in a long listing of a file or directory and who has the ability to change permissions on that file or directory

A

Owner

48
Q

Used to change user passwords.

A

passwd command

49
Q

A variable that stores a list of directories that will be searched in order when commands are executed without an absolute or relative pathname.

A

PATH variable

50
Q

A list that identifies who can access a file or folder and their level of access.

A

Permissions

51
Q

The group that is specified for a user in the /etc/passwd file and set as the group owner for all files created by a user.

A

Primary group

52
Q

The process of excluding files, directories, or filesystems from being processed by a command.

A

Pruning

53
Q

A term referring to itself and its own contents; a recursive search includes all subdirectories in a directory and their contents.

A

Recursive

54
Q

A command used to remove files and directories.

A

rm (remove) command

55
Q

A command used to remove empty directories.

A

rmdir (remove directory) command

56
Q

A command used to modify ACL entries for a particular Linux file or directory.

A

setfacl (set file ACL) command

57
Q

The portion of a command that refers to the file or directory from which information is taken.

A

source file/directory

58
Q

The portion of a filesystem that stores critical information, such as the inode table and block size.

A

superblock

59
Q

A pointer to another file on the same or another filesystem; commonly referred to as a shortcut.

A

symbolic link

60
Q

The portion of a command that refers to the file or directory to which information is directed.

A

target file/directory

61
Q

A command commonly used to create new files. Its original intended purpose was to update the time stamp on a file.

A

touch command

62
Q

A command used to locate executable files on the system; it returns the first alias or directory within the PATH variable for the command.

A

type command

63
Q

A special variable used to alter the permissions on all new files and directories by taking away select default file and directory permissions.

A

Unmask

64
Q

The command used to view and change the umask variable.

A

umask command

65
Q

A command used to delete files.

A

unlink command

66
Q

A command used to locate executable files on the system; it returns any directories within the PATH variable for the command, as well as the location of associated man pages and info pages.

A

whereis command

67
Q

A command used to locate executable files on the system; it returns any aliases and directories within the PATH variable for the command.

A

which command

68
Q
A

Unix/Linux Operating Systems (5 decks)

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