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Unix/Linux Operating Systems > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

A metacharacter used to represent a user’s home directory.

A

~ metacharacter

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2
Q

The full pathname to a certain file or directory starting from the root directory.

A

Absolute pathname

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3
Q

A file that contains machine language (binary 1s and 0s) and stores information (such as common functions and graphics) used by binary compiled programs.

A

Binary data file

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4
Q

A Linux command used to display (or concatenate) the entire contents of a text file to the screen.

A

cat command

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5
Q

A Linux command used to change the current directory in the directory tree.

A

cd (change directory) command

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6
Q

One of the two modes in vi; it allows a user to perform any available text-editing task that is not related to inserting text into the document.

A

Command mode

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7
Q

The joining of text together to make one larger whole. In Linux, words and strings of text are joined together to form a displayed file.

A

Concatenation

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8
Q

A Linux command that compares the contents of text files to identify any differences.

A

diff command

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9
Q

A special file on the filesystem used to organize other files into a logical tree structure.

A

Directory

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10
Q

A variant of the grep command used to search files for patterns, using extended regular expressions.

A

egrep command

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11
Q

A popular and widespread text editor more conducive to word processing than vi. It was originally developed by Richard Stallman.

A

Emacs (Editor MACroS) editor

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12
Q

A file that can be executed by the Linux operating system to run in memory as a process and perform a useful function.

A

Executable program

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13
Q

A variant of the grep command that does not allow the use of regular expressions.

A

fgrep command

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14
Q

A Linux command that displays the file type of a specified filename.

A

file command

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15
Q

The process of using wildcard metacharacters within a command to match multiple files or directories.

A

File globbing

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16
Q

The user-friendly identifier given to a file.

A

Filename

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17
Q

A series of identifiers following a dot ( . ) at the end of a filename, used to denote the type of the file; the filename extension .txt denotes a text file.

A

Filename extension

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18
Q

A common text editor used within GUI environments.

A

Gedit editor

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19
Q

A Linux command that searches files for patterns of characters using regular expression metacharacters. The command name is short for “global regular expression print.”

A

Grep command

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20
Q

A Linux command that displays the first set of lines of a text file; by default, the head command displays the first 10 lines.

A

head command

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21
Q

A directory on the filesystem set aside for users to store personal files and information.

A

Home directory

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22
Q

One of the two modes in vi; it allows the user to insert text into the document but does not allow any other functionality.

A

insert mode

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23
Q

A Linux command used to display a text file page-by-page on the terminal screen; users can then use the cursor keys to navigate the file.

A

less command

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24
Q

The files that represent the same data as other files.

A

Linked file

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25
Q

An alias for the ls –l command; it gives a long file listing.

A

11 comand

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26
Q

A file that contains past system events.

A

Log file

27
Q

A Linux command used to list the files in a given directory.

A

ls command

28
Q

A Linux command used to display a text file page-by-page and line-by-line on the terminal screen.

A

more command

29
Q

A temporary connection that sends information from one command or process in memory to another; it can also be represented by a file on the filesystem.

A

named pipe file

30
Q

A user-friendly terminal text editor that uses Ctrl key combinations to perform basic functions.

A

Nano editor

31
Q

A Linux command used to display the contents of a file in octal format.

A

od command

32
Q

The directory that is one level closer to the root directory in the directory tree relative to your current directory.

A

Parent directory

33
Q

A Linux command used to display the current directory in the directory tree.

A

pwd (print working directory) command

34
Q

The special metacharacters used to match patterns of text within text files; they are commonly used by text tool commands, including grep.

A

regular expressions (regexp)

35
Q

The pathname of a target directory relative to your current directory in the tree.

A

Relative pathname

36
Q

A text file that contains a list of commands or constructs for the shell to execute in order.

A

Shell script

37
Q

A named pipe connecting processes on two different computers; it can also be represented by a file on the filesystem.

A

Socket file

38
Q

A file used to identify hardware devices such as hard disks and serial ports.

A

Special device file

39
Q

A Linux command used to search for and display text characters in a binary file.

A

strings command

40
Q

A directory that resides within another directory in the directory tree.

A

Subdirectory

41
Q

A feature of the BASH shell that fills in the remaining characters of a unique filename or directory name when the user presses the Tab key.

A

Tab-completion feature

42
Q

A Linux command that displays a file on the screen, beginning with the last line of the file and ending with the first line of the file.

A

tac command

43
Q

A Linux command used to display lines of text at the end of a file; by default, the tail command displays the last 10 lines of the file.

A

tail command

44
Q

A file that stores information in a readable text format.

A

Text file

45
Q

The programs that allow for the creation, modification, and searching of text files.

A

Text tools

46
Q

A powerful command-line text editor available on most UNIX and Linux systems.

A

Vi editor

47
Q

The metacharacters used to match certain characters in a file or directory name; they are often used to specify multiple files.

A

Wildcard metacharacters

48
Q

Binary executable program files (similar to .exe files within Windows)

A

.bin

49
Q

C programming language source code files

A

.c

50
Q

C++ programming language source code files

A

.cc, .cpp

51
Q

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) files

A

.html, .htm

52
Q

Files formatted for printing with postscript

A

.ps

53
Q

Text files

A

.txt

54
Q

Archived files (contain other files within)

A

.tar

55
Q

Compressed files

A

.gz, .bz2, .xz, .Z

56
Q

Compressed archived files

A

.tar.gz, .tgz, .tar.bz2, .tar.xz, .tar.Z

57
Q

Configuration files (contain text)

A

.conf, .cfg

58
Q

Shared object (programming library) files

A

.so

59
Q

Compiled object files

A

.o, .ko

60
Q

PERL (Practical Extraction and Report Language) programs

A

.pl

61
Q

Tcl (Tool Command Language) programs

A

.tcl

62
Q

Binary files that contain graphical images

A

.jpg, .jpeg, .png, .tiff, .xpm, .gif

63
Q
A

Unix/Linux Operating Systems (5 decks)

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