chapter 4.

Question 1

macronutrients

Answer 1

are nutrients needed in large quantities

Question 2

simple carbs

Answer 2

• simple sugars
• glucose, fructose
• quickly

Question 3

complex carbs

Answer 3

• slow digestion
• breads, pastas cereal
• more stable energy release

Question 4

Fibre

Answer 4

• ingestible
• slows the emptying of the stomach
• regulates digestive system

Question 5

Fats

Answer 5

• polyunsaturated
• monosaturated
• trans fat
• sat

Question 6

proteins

Answer 6

• increase size of cells in the body
• growth and maintenance of muscles and organs
• structural proteins (provide supports to connective tissue such as collagen and elastin)
• contractile proteins (involved in muscle contractions & movement)
• vital for bone length and hardening in youth

Question 7

micronutrients

Answer 7

only needed in small amounts but are vital for the body

Question 8

calcium

Answer 8

builds strong bones and teeth

Question 9

phosphorus

Answer 9

• balances calcium levels
• found in higher protein foods
• strong bones and teeth

Question 10

iron

Answer 10

• transports oxygen around the body via the bloodstream
• vital production of haemoglobin

Question 11

iodine mineral

Answer 11

used by the thyroid gland which forms the thyroid hormone (thyroxin. this hormone regulates cell activation and growth.

Question 12

vitamin A

Answer 12

• fat soluble
• major role in cell growth like the lung, skin and intestine
• healthy vision and skin

Question 13

vitamin C

Answer 13

• water soluble
• stabilises protein component of collagen
• boosts immune system
• helps with transport of iron