Chapter 4

Question 1

productivity

Answer 1

the extent to which a morphological process can be used to create new words

Question 2

productivity - transparency

Answer 2

words that can be easily segmented such that there is a one-to-one correspondence between form and meaning
- pink –> pinkness
- horrible –> horribleness
–> also called compositional, non-compositional words are lexicalization

Question 3

productivity - frequency of base type

Answer 3

the number of different bases that might be available for affixes to attach to, thus resulting in new words

Question 4

productivity - usefulness

Answer 4

speakers of a language need a word of that sort

Question 5

restrictions on productivity - categorical restrictions

Answer 5

almost all affixes are restricted to bases of specific category (-ity attaches to adjectives)

Question 6

restrictions on productivity - phonological restrictions

Answer 6

sometimes affixes will attach only to bases that fit certain phonological patterns ( -ize prefers N and A that consists of two or more syllables, where the final syllable doesn’t bear primary stress)

Question 7

restrictions on productivity - the meaning of the base

Answer 7

e.g. a negative un- prefers bases that are not themselves negative in meaning (unlovely, but not unugly)

Question 8

creativity

Answer 8

unproductive word formation process to form new words that are often perceived as humorous, annoying or otherwise worthy of note