chapter 4 Flashcards
Graphics and Visual Tools
Define multimedia
Multimedia is a form of communication that combines different content forms such as text, audio, images, graphics, animations, or video into a single interactive presentation.
Elements of Multimedia:
Text, Images and graphics, Audio, Video, and Animation. Texts, images and graphics are three elements static (do not move) whereas the other three elements :audio, video and animations are moving objects or dynamic object within a multimedia application.
Define text
Text is very important for communication in any medium. It involves the use of text types, sizes, colors and background colors.
Images and Graphics
define bitmaps and vector graphics
-Graphics make the multimedia application attractive.
-There are two types of graphics used: bitmaps (paint graphics) and vector (draw graphics)
-Bitmaps images are real images that can be captured from devices such as cameras or scanners
-Vector graphics are drawn on the computer and only require a small amount of memory.
Define audio
Audio is the best way to attract attention. A multimedia application may require the use of speech, music and sound effects. These are called audio or the sound element.
Define video
Video is the technology of electronically capturing, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion.
Multimedia Principle
- Include both words and graphics
Use only the information that the learner needs. And most often, that means simple text and simple visuals that relate directly to the learning topic. Remove all the fluff - Show exactly what to pay attention to on the screen.
- Use audio to explain visuals instead of on-screen text.
- In case audio is not available, place printed words near corresponding graphics. Synchronize spoken words with graphics
- Explain visuals with narrated audio OR on-screen text, not both
- Avoid multimedia lessons with unimportant graphics or sounds.
Ex: If the objective is to show blood flow in heart, realistic & rich representation of heart may not be necessary. A structural representation showing different parts might be sufficient - Keep relevant text and visuals close together
- Use human voice rather than machine voice
- Use informal, conversational voice not an overly formal voice
WHAT ARE INFOGRAPHICS?
They blend text and images to convey information visually — illustrating facts with charts, maps or diagrams
WHEN SHOULD YOU USE INFOGRAPHICS?
Use them where complex information needs to be explained quickly & clearly, such as in signs, maps, journalism, and technical writing
informational infographic
used to convey text-based information in easy to understand points.
- an established hierarchy, using icons or bullet points.
- header points that introduce steps or parts of a topic
- concise body text that explains each header point
-goal is to inform
Timeline infographic
Tells a story through a chronological flow.
Maps a story or process through time, using a connecting line with different points branching out.
Best used to
- show change over time
- make a long complicated story easier to understand
- show how one thing leads to another
visual article
make a piece of writing more visual
best used to :
- cut down on text
- make a plain article more interesting
- increasing sharing potential
process infrographic
similar to timeline, however, process infographics specifically break down processes into a series of easy to follow steps.
- use icons to anchor each points or step.
- clearly label each step using headers
- break down body text for each step into bullets.
map infographic
showcases data trends based on location. Also called Geographic infrographic
best used to :
-compare places and culture via setting-centric data
comparison (versus) infographic
compare and contrast two different “things” or “types” of information
best used to:
-highlight differences between two similar things
-highlight similarities between two unlike things
-prove one option is superior/ inferior to the other
