Chapter 4

Question 1

Valence electrons

Answer 1

the outer shell electrons of an atom. The valence electrons are the electrons that participate in chemical bonding

Question 2

Ionic Bond

Answer 2

transfer of electrons from metals to nonmetals to form ions that are held together electrostatically

Question 3

Covalent Bond

Answer 3

electron sharing between two nonmetals

Question 4

Determining the formula of ionic compounds

Answer 4

• The sum of the charges of the cations and anions in each formula unit must be ZERO!
• The subscripts should be the lowest whole-number ratio (molecular and empirical same)
• If we use the charge magnitude of the opposing ion for the subscripts, the charges will cancel

Question 5

Polar Covalent Bonds

Answer 5

The greater the difference in electronegativity, the more polar is the bond