Chapter 3

Question 1

Wavelength

Answer 1

is the distance between identical points on successive waves

Question 2

Wave

Answer 2

vibrating disturbance by which energy is transmitted

Question 3

Amplitude

Answer 3

the vertical distance from the midline of a wave to the peak or trough

Question 4

Frequency (v)

Answer 4

the number of waves that pass through a particular point in 1 second

Question 5

Speed (c)

Answer 5

the number of cycles (wavelengths) per second times the wavelength

Question 6

speed of light

Answer 6

3.00 x 10^8 m/s

Question 7

Interference

Answer 7

interaction between two or more waves

Question 8

Diffraction

Answer 8

bending of a wave that occurs when wave encounters object of comparable size to wavelength

Question 9

Quantum

Answer 9

the smallest quantity of energy that can be emitted(or absorbed) in the form of electromagnetic radiation

Question 10

Planck’s constant

Answer 10

6.63 x 10^34 J/s

Question 11

Photons

Answer 11

small bundles of light

Question 12

Bohr Model Issues

Answer 12

Model works only for one electron systems:
– H atom
– He+, Li2+, Be3+

Fails with poly electron systems because doesn’t account for:
– Additional nucleus/ electron attractions
– Electron repulsions

Question 13

Quantum Numbers

Answer 13

1. Principle quantum number, n
2. Angular momentum quantum number, l
3. Magnetic quantum number, ml
4. Electron spin quantum number, ms

Question 14

electron configuration

Answer 14

1s < 2s < 2p < 3s < 3p < 4s < 3d < 4p < 5s < 4d < 5p < 6s

Question 15

Hund’s Rule

Answer 15

lowest energy configuration for an atom is having the maximum number of unpaired e- allowed by the Pauli exclusion principle in a particular set of degenerate orbitals

Question 16

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Answer 16

in a given atom, every electron must have a unique set of four quantum numbers

Question 17

Paramagnetic

Answer 17

Atom has unpaired electrons
Parallel spins

Question 18

Diamagnetic

Answer 18

All electrons paired

Question 19

Cation is always smaller than atom from which it is formed

Question 20

Anion is always larger than atom from which it is formed

Question 21

Ionization energy

Answer 21

the energy required to remove an electron from the gaseous state of an atom or an ion

Question 22

Electron affinity

Answer 22

the negative of the energy change that occurs when an electron is accepted by an atom in the gaseous state to form an anion

Question 23

The closer an e- can be moved to the nucleus, the greater the electron affinity

Question 24

atomic size

Answer 24

increase left and down

Question 25

ionization energy

Answer 25

increases up and right

Question 26

electron affinity

Answer 26

increases up and right