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Chemistry final > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Wavelength

A

is the distance between identical points on successive waves

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2
Q

Wave

A

vibrating disturbance by which energy is transmitted

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3
Q

Amplitude

A

the vertical distance from the midline of a wave to the peak or trough

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4
Q

Frequency (v)

A

the number of waves that pass through a particular point in 1 second

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5
Q

Speed (c)

A

the number of cycles (wavelengths) per second times the wavelength

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6
Q

speed of light

A

3.00 x 10^8 m/s

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7
Q

Interference

A

interaction between two or more waves

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8
Q

Diffraction

A

bending of a wave that occurs when wave encounters object of comparable size to wavelength

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9
Q

Quantum

A

the smallest quantity of energy that can be emitted(or absorbed) in the form of electromagnetic radiation

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10
Q

Planck’s constant

A

6.63 x 10^34 J/s

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11
Q

Photons

A

small bundles of light

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12
Q

Bohr Model Issues

A

Model works only for one electron systems:
– H atom
– He+, Li2+, Be3+

Fails with poly electron systems because doesn’t account for:
– Additional nucleus/ electron attractions
– Electron repulsions

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13
Q

Quantum Numbers

A
  1. Principle quantum number, n
  2. Angular momentum quantum number, l
  3. Magnetic quantum number, ml
  4. Electron spin quantum number, ms
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14
Q

electron configuration

A

1s < 2s < 2p < 3s < 3p < 4s < 3d < 4p < 5s < 4d < 5p < 6s

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15
Q

Hund’s Rule

A

lowest energy configuration for an atom is having the maximum number of unpaired e- allowed by the Pauli exclusion principle in a particular set of degenerate orbitals

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16
Q

Pauli Exclusion Principle

A

in a given atom, every electron must have a unique set of four quantum numbers

17
Q

Paramagnetic

A

Atom has unpaired electrons
Parallel spins

18
Q

Diamagnetic

A

All electrons paired

19
Q

Cation is always smaller than atom from which it is formed

A
20
Q

Anion is always larger than atom from which it is formed

A
21
Q

Ionization energy

A

the energy required to remove an electron from the gaseous state of an atom or an ion

22
Q

Electron affinity

A

the negative of the energy change that occurs when an electron is accepted by an atom in the gaseous state to form an anion

23
Q

The closer an e- can be moved to the nucleus, the greater the electron affinity

A
24
Q

atomic size

A

increase left and down

25
Q

ionization energy

A

increases up and right

26
Q

electron affinity

A

increases up and right

Chemistry final (9 decks)

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