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Nurse 104 Exam Study > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Nursing Knowledge

A

the organization of discipline-specific concepts, theories, and ideas

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2
Q

Nursing Theory

A

Data that defines and describes past nursing phenomena and concepts; can predict future nursing trends

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3
Q

Phenomena

A

Term, description, or label given to describe an idea, responses to an event or situation

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4
Q

Concept

A

Idea or general impression, basic ingredients of theory

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5
Q

Nursing Metaparadigms

A

Person, environment, nursing, health

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6
Q

First Nursing Theorist

A

Florence Nightengale

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7
Q

Florence Nightingale Nursing Theory

A

Environmental Adaptation Theory

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8
Q

Environmental Adaptation Theory Concepts

A

Ventilation, Noise, Variety, Diet, Light, False Hope, Cleanliness

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9
Q

Dorthea Orem Theory

A

Self-Care Deficit Model

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10
Q

Self-Care Deficit Model

A

Restore the patients’ ability to care for self
Help client to cope with unmet care needs by regaining function or maximizing available function
Restores a sense of well-being

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11
Q

Sister Callista Roy Theory

A

Adaptation Model

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12
Q

Adaptation Model

A

The nurse is the change agent for helping the patient adapt to new circumstances
Restores well-being, life worth, self-respect, dignity

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13
Q

Madeline Leininger Theory

A

Theory of Cultural Care Diversity and Universality

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14
Q

Theory of Cultural Care Diversity and Universality

A

Betterment of all people from all cultures
Cultural competency
People are culturally different – how do those differences change their needs?
Individualized patient care
How can nurses care for those who are different from them?
Differences between the patient and nurse can lead to ineffective interventions, misunderstandings, and the patient feeling unheard or uncared for.

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15
Q

Patricia Benner’s Theory

A

Novice to Expert Theory

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16
Q

Novice to Expert Theory

A

Benner’s Model for Skill Acquisition for nurse clinicians, faculty guide students through the learning process starting at the novice level and supporting their personal growth. Similarly, faculty progress from the novice faculty role to the expert faculty role

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17
Q

Novice

A

Need constant guidance

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18
Q

Advanced Beginner

A

Making connections, applying skills, seek affirmation after practicing skills, and recognizes meaningful, recurrent concepts

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19
Q

Competent Practitioner

A

Aware of long-term goals
Feels more confident
More efficient and organized

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20
Q

Proficient Practitioner

A

Sees the big picture
More holistic
Understands the long-term goals
Able to adapt/modify plans

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21
Q

Expert Practitioner

A

No longer relies on guidelines to determine actions
Wealth of experience
Intuitive grasp of clinical situations
Flexible and fluid
Highly capable

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22
Q

The Agape Nursing Model

A

Kingdom Nurse
Hands and feet of Jesus
Selfless, compassionate, charitable, genuine
Nursing is a calling/ministry
Aligns nursing practice with characteristics of Christ

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23
Q

Hematology

A

Blood

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24
Q

Immunology

A

Lymph

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25
Q

Blood

A

Provides energy
Carries signals
Removes waste

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26
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Repairs injuries
Fights infections

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27
Q

Three types of cells found in the blood

A

Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes

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28
Q

Proteins dissolved in the blood

A

Immunoglobins

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29
Q

Coagul/o

A

(The combining form)- Anticoagulant-blood thinner
Coagulopathy- Clotting disease

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30
Q

Thromb/o

A

(Clot)- Thrombocyte
Thrombosis
Thrombophlebitis

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31
Q

Hem/o, hemat/o

A

Blood, ex. Hem/o, hemat/o

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32
Q

Cyt/o

A

Cell, ex. Erythrocyte
Thrombocytosis- increased number of platelets

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33
Q

Leuk/o

A

White

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34
Q

emia

A

(blood condition)
Anemia- decrease in blood cell
Polycythemia- excess of RBC

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35
Q

Myelitis

A

Inflammation of the spinal cord

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36
Q

Myelocentesis

A

Bone and bone marrow inflammation

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37
Q

Myelodysplasia

A

deformation of the spinal cord

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38
Q

Thrombocytosis

A

Increase in number of platelets

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39
Q

Myocardial Infarct

A

Clot lodges in heart

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40
Q

DVT

A

Clot lodges in leg

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41
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Low platelet number leads to bruising and bleeding

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42
Q

Purpura

A

Purple red/yellow discoloration

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43
Q

Hemophilia

A

Blood does not clot

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44
Q

Thrombus

A

Blood clot and stationary

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45
Q

Embolus

A

If blood clot breaks free and travels

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46
Q

Thromboembolism

A

Blockage of a vessel (embolism) caused by a clot that has broken off from where it formed

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47
Q

Splenalgia
Splenodynia

A

Pain in the spleen

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48
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

Disease of the lymph gland

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49
Q

Lymphedema

A

Swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of lymph

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50
Q

Myelodysplasia

A

Disease by poor production of RBC from bone marrow

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51
Q

Myeloma

A

Cancerous tumor of bone marrow

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52
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Inflammation of bone/bone marrow

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53
Q

Myelopoiesis

A

Formation of bonemarrow

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54
Q

CBC

A

Complete Blood Count

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55
Q

Conditions can be determined by the number of cells in the

A

volume of blood

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56
Q

Leukopenia

A

Leukocyte deficiency

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57
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

platelet deficiency

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58
Q

Pancytopenia

A

deficiency in all cellular components of the blood

59
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Too many White blood cells

60
Q

Normocyte

A

Normal size

61
Q

Macrocytosis

A

Large size

62
Q

Microcytosis

A

Small size

63
Q

Anisocytosis

A

Great inequality in RBC size

64
Q

Spherocyte

A

Spherical shape

65
Q

Eliptocyte

A

Oval shape

66
Q

Sickle Cell

A

Hemoglobin in RBC is not transporting oxygen well and becomes sickle, unable to carry oxygen well

67
Q

Poikilocytosis

A

RBC in variety of shape

68
Q

X-Ray

A

Objective

69
Q

CT scan

A

series of X-Ray pictures put together

70
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

71
Q

Angiogram

A

Record

72
Q

Angiography

A

The procedure

73
Q

Antibody

A

produced in response to antigen

74
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

produced to fight pathogen

75
Q

Perfusion

A

Circulation blood through the tissue

76
Q

Repurfusion Injury

A

Body creates new avenues for circulation of the blood

77
Q

Hypoperfusion

A

Less blood circulation through tissue

78
Q

Anemia

A

decrease of RBC

79
Q

Leukopenia

A

decrease of WBC

80
Q

Hemolytic anemia

A

RBC destroyed

81
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

Cells not being formed correctly

82
Q

Hemoglobinopathy

A

Disease of hemoglobin

83
Q

Abnormalities of the blood

A

Septicemia
Hyperlipidemia
Excess bilirubin

84
Q

Hypocoagulability

A

Hemophilia

85
Q

Hypercoagulability

A

Deep vein thrombosis

86
Q

Hypovolemia

A

Not enough blood fluid volume

87
Q

Hypervolemia

A

Too much blood fluid volume

88
Q

Abnormal levels of a substance in the blood

A

Bilirubinemia
Hyperbilirubinemia
Hypercholesterolemia
Hyperlipidemia
Septicemia*
Uremia

89
Q

Red blood cell problems

A

Transfusion

90
Q

White blood cell problems

A

Chemotherapy for leukemia

91
Q

Platelet problems

A

Prevent clots
Break clots
If severe, transfusion

92
Q

Treatment for lymphatic system disorders often involves surgery to remove organs or lymph nodes.

A

Biopsy (Bx)
Splenectomy
Laparosplenectomy
Lymphadenectomy
Lymphadenotomy
Thymectomy
Tonsillectomy

93
Q

Laparosplenectomy

A

surgical removal of the spleen through the abdomen

94
Q

Anticoagulant

A

(against/coagulation/agent)

95
Q

Hemostatic

A

stops blood flow, creates a clot (blood/standing)

96
Q

H&H

A

Hemoglobin and Hematocrit

97
Q

Units

A

What insulin is given in

98
Q

qDay

A

Everyday

99
Q

IV

A

Intravenous

100
Q

IVP

A

Intravenous Pylogram, injected into arm as dye and circulates toward kidney and is visible in X-ray

101
Q

Reconstitute

A

Adding solvent to be dissolved into liquid form

102
Q

Hct

A

Hematocrit (test to judge or separate the blood, determines ratio of RBC to blood volume)

103
Q

Laparo

A

removal through abdomen

104
Q

Myelo

A

Bone marrow

105
Q

Septic

A

poisoning

106
Q

Immunocompromised

A

Immune system incapable of responding normally to a disease

107
Q

Immunodeficiency

A

Immune system with decreased response to disease causing organism

108
Q

Immunosuppression

A

Reduction in the activity of the body’s immune system

109
Q

Thrombogenic

A

Capable of producing the blood clor

110
Q

Thrombosis

A

formation of the blood clot

111
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot

112
Q

Embolus

A

Piece of blood clot

113
Q

Embolism

A

blockage of blood vessel caused by embolism

114
Q

Thromboembolism

A

blockage of a vessel (embolism) caused by a clot that has broken off from where it formed

115
Q

Ecchymosis

A

large bruise: From Greek “to pour out”

116
Q

petechia

A

small bruise Latin for “speckle”

117
Q

phleb/o, ven/o

A

vein

118
Q

edema

A

swelling

119
Q

Anisocytosis

A

great inequality in size of RBC (not/equal/cell/condition)

120
Q

hematopoiesis

A

formation of blood cells (blood/formation)

121
Q

oligocythemia

A

deficiency in RBC count

122
Q

Poikilocytosis

A

RBC in various shapes (various/cell/condition)

123
Q

reticulocyte

A

immature red blood cell, net like appearance (net/cell)

124
Q

splenectopy

A

displacement of the spleen (spleen/out/place/condition)

125
Q

hyperpofusion

A

inadequate flow of blood (under/through/pour)

126
Q

perfusion

A

circulation of blood through tissue

127
Q

sphygomanometer

A

measures blood pressure (strangle/thing/instrument for measuring)

128
Q

ischemia

A

blockage of blood flow to an organ (hold back/blood condition)

129
Q

phlebarteriectasia

A

dilation of blood vessels (vein/artery/dilation)

130
Q

thrombolytic

A

drug breaks down clots (clot/breakdown agent)

131
Q

nephrosplenopexy

A

surgical fixation of the spleen and the kidney (kidney/spleen/fixation)

132
Q

aphaeresis

A

draws out patient’s blood, removes something from it, returns it back (seperation)

133
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

134
Q

ALL

A

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

135
Q

AML

A

Acute myeloid leukemia

136
Q

BMT

A

Bone Marrow Transplant

137
Q

CML

A

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

138
Q

DIC

A

Disseminated Intravascular coagulopathy

139
Q

EBV

A

Epstein-Barr Virus

140
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

141
Q

Hgb

A

Hemaglobin

142
Q

HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

143
Q

HSM

A

hepatosplenomegaly

Nurse 104 Exam Study (4 decks)

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