Chapter 4 Flashcards
Sediment that begins as rocks on continents or islands is called:
Lithogenous (terrigenous) sediment
High-energy environments are most likely to deposit which one of the following?
Large particles such as gravel
High-energy environments are most likely to deposit which one of the following?
Large particles such as gravel
Sediments that are poorly sorted were most likely deposited by:
A glaciet
Which of the following is a biogenous sediment?
DIatom ooze
Sediments produced by plants and animals in the sea are caled:
Biogenous
Sediments produced because of chemical reactions in seawater are called:
Hydrogenous
Which of the following contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3)?
Foraminiferans
Which of the following contains silica (SiO2)?
Radiolarians
Calcium carbonate is most likely to dissolve in water with which characteristics?
Lots of carbon dioxide and colder temperatures
Terrigenous sediment is another name for which of the following?
Lithogenous sediment
Sediments with an extraterrestrial origin are called:
Cosmogenous
Which of the following is a biogenous sediment?
Stromatolites
Turbidite deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types?
Lithogenous sediment
Sediments found on continental margins are called:
Neritic
Calcite dissolves more readily in seawater that is ______ in temperature and _______ in pressure.
Colder; higher
The number of organisms present in the surface water above the ocean floor is called:
Productivity
The term referring to the size and shape of sediment particles is:
Texture
The study of how the ocean, atmosphere, and land have interacted in the past to produce changes in ocean chemistry, circulation, biology, and climate is called:
Paleoceanography
Abyssal clay is an example of which of the following sediment types?
Lithogenous sediment
Ocean sediments consist of particles that have slowly settled out of the water by which of the following processes?
Suspension settling
The type of marine sediment that forms the thickest deposits worldwide is:
Abyssal clay deposits
Glacial deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types?
Lithogenous sediment
Pelagic clays contain lots of material that settles to the seafloor through the water column and are:
Less than 30% biogenous material
The dissolution of the thick tests of foraminifers below the CCD is an example of the _____ of biogenous sediment.
Destruction
The deposition of coarse-grained lithogenous material in neritic environments along continental margins is an example of the ________ of biogenous sediment.
Dilution
