Chapter 4

Question 1

Sediment that begins as rocks on continents or islands is called:

Answer 1

Lithogenous (terrigenous) sediment

Question 2

High-energy environments are most likely to deposit which one of the following?

Answer 2

Large particles such as gravel

Question 2

High-energy environments are most likely to deposit which one of the following?

Answer 2

Large particles such as gravel

Question 3

Sediments that are poorly sorted were most likely deposited by:

Answer 3

A glaciet

Question 4

Which of the following is a biogenous sediment?

Answer 4

DIatom ooze

Question 5

Sediments produced by plants and animals in the sea are caled:

Answer 5

Biogenous

Question 6

Sediments produced because of chemical reactions in seawater are called:

Answer 6

Hydrogenous

Question 7

Which of the following contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3)?

Answer 7

Foraminiferans

Question 8

Which of the following contains silica (SiO2)?

Answer 8

Radiolarians

Question 9

Calcium carbonate is most likely to dissolve in water with which characteristics?

Answer 9

Lots of carbon dioxide and colder temperatures

Question 10

Terrigenous sediment is another name for which of the following?

Answer 10

Lithogenous sediment

Question 11

Sediments with an extraterrestrial origin are called:

Answer 11

Cosmogenous

Question 12

Which of the following is a biogenous sediment?

Answer 12

Stromatolites

Question 13

Turbidite deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types?

Answer 13

Lithogenous sediment

Question 14

Sediments found on continental margins are called:

Answer 14

Neritic

Question 15

Calcite dissolves more readily in seawater that is ______ in temperature and _______ in pressure.

Answer 15

Colder; higher

Question 16

The number of organisms present in the surface water above the ocean floor is called:

Answer 16

Productivity

Question 17

The term referring to the size and shape of sediment particles is:

Answer 17

Texture

Question 18

The study of how the ocean, atmosphere, and land have interacted in the past to produce changes in ocean chemistry, circulation, biology, and climate is called:

Answer 18

Paleoceanography

Question 19

Abyssal clay is an example of which of the following sediment types?

Answer 19

Lithogenous sediment

Question 20

Ocean sediments consist of particles that have slowly settled out of the water by which of the following processes?

Answer 20

Suspension settling

Question 21

The type of marine sediment that forms the thickest deposits worldwide is:

Answer 21

Abyssal clay deposits

Question 22

Glacial deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types?

Answer 22

Lithogenous sediment

Question 23

Pelagic clays contain lots of material that settles to the seafloor through the water column and are:

Answer 23

Less than 30% biogenous material

Question 24

The dissolution of the thick tests of foraminifers below the CCD is an example of the _____ of biogenous sediment.

Answer 24

Destruction

Question 25

The deposition of coarse-grained lithogenous material in neritic environments along continental margins is an example of the ________ of biogenous sediment.

Answer 25

Dilution