Chapter 2 Flashcards
What was used as evidence for continental drift?
Rock sequences, fossils, ancient glaciation
Alfred Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis received much hostile criticism and ridicule from the scientific community because _________?
It lacked a mechanism
Fossils of ancient polar plants are currently found near the equator because the _____.
Continents that were once in tropical areas are now near the poles
What is the most convincing piece of evidence to support the concept of seafloor spreading?
Paleomagnetism - igneous rock stripes
The seafloor magnetic pattern is best described as ______.
Symmetric, parallel
Tectonic plates are pieces of the _____ that float on the more fluid ____ below.
Lithosphere, asthenosphere
Tectonic plates move about as fast as ____.
Fingernails
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an example of a _____.
Divergent plate boundary
Deep ocean trenches are associated with _______.
Subduction
What is a characteristic of oceanic-oceanic convergent plate boundaries?
Trench, volcanic arc as islands
What is a characteristic of continental-continental convergent plate boundaries?
Tall mountains
The San Andreas Fault ______.
Continental transform boundary
The Himalaya Mountains are an example of _____ plate boundary.
Convergent
The Hawaiian Islands are located where the Pacific plate is _______.
Moving over the hotspot
Chains of extinct volcanoes that are progressively older as one travels away from a hotspot are called ______.
Nematath
Large volcanoes on the seafloor that are cone-shaped on top because they never reached sea level are called _______.
Seamounts
What is an example of the continental-continental divergent plate boundary?
East Africa Rift Valley, REd Sea, Gulf of California
What is an example of an oceanic-oceanic convergent plate boundary?
Mariana Trench, Aleutian Islands
What is an example of an oceanic-continental convergent plate boundary?
Andes mountains
Coral reefs that initially develop along the margin of an island or continent where environmental conditions are suitable are called _________.
Fringing reefs
In general, where can the youngest ocean floor be found?
At the mid-ocean ridge
Plate boundaries where new oceanic crust is being added are called _____.
Divergent boundaries
Your job is to locate the world’s plate boundaries. To do this, you may use only one map. The best map to choose for this job is a map that shows the worldwide locations of _____.
Earthquakes
An ocean trench is associated with what type of plate boundary?
Convergent
What happens when an oceanic and a continental plate converge?
The oceanic plate will be subducted
How is it that the ocean floor is so much younger than the ocean itself?
The ocean floor keeps regenerating itself
The San Andreas Fault is associated with what type of plate boundary?
Transform
Where would you NOT expect to find significant volcanic activity?
Continental collision zone
