Chapter 4 Flashcards
3 fundamentals of the cell theory?
- cells are the smallest living things
- all organisms are composed of one or more cells
- cells arise only by division from a previously living cell
4 structural arrangements of cells
- DNA is centrally located
- Ribosomes synthesize proteins
- cytosol fills the interior of the cell
- plasma membrane encloses the cell
What is the nuclear envelope made up of? do?
- two phospholipid bilayers
- outer membrane is continuous with ER
What does the nuclear lamina do?
-coats the innermost surface of nuclear envelope, provides it with structural support and is compose of lamins
What is the space within the ER called?
lumen
Cis face of golgi does what?
transports molecules from the ER
Trans face of golgi does what?
molecules bud off the golgi and are transported to their appropriate destinations
What are lysosomes?
- contain enzymes that degrade proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbs
How did semiautonomous organells arise?
endosymbiosis
What do semi-autonomous organells have?
mitochondria and chloroplasts
Where is the site of cellular respiration?
Mitochondria
What are the folds in mitochondria called?
cristae
3 roles of cytoskeleton?
supports shape of the cell, anchors organelles to fixed locations within the cytoplasm, provides a roadway for the transport of materials within cell
3 types of cytoskeletal components?
microfilaments
intermediate filaments
microtubules
Microfilaments diameter? subunits? roles?
7 nm
actin
cell shape, motility, cleavage furrow
