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CLA 131 (Medical Terminology) > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

A study of medical terminology includes learning about the human body in a healthy state to better understanding the mechanism of?

A

Disease and its terminology

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2
Q

Abdominal/o

A

Abdomen

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3
Q

Anter/o

A

Front

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4
Q

Brachi/o

A

Arm

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5
Q

Cardi/o

A

Heart

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6
Q

Caud/o

A

Tail

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7
Q

Cephal/o

A

Head

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8
Q

Cervic/o

A

Neck

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9
Q

Chondr/I

A

Gristle, cartilage

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10
Q

Cran/o, crani/o

A

Skull

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11
Q

Cyt/o

A

Cell

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12
Q

Dist/o

A

Distant

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13
Q

Dors/o

A

Back

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14
Q

Fermor/o

A

Thight, fermur

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15
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

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16
Q

Glute/o

A

Buttock

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17
Q

Hom/o, home/o

A

Same

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18
Q

ili/o

A

Flank, hip, groin

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19
Q

Study of the body structure?

A

Anatomy

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20
Q

Infer/o

A

Below

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21
Q

Inguin/o

A

Groin

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22
Q

Later/o

A

Side

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23
Q

Lumb/o

A

Loin, lower back

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24
Q

Medi/o

A

Middle

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25
Q

Organ/o

A

Tool

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26
Q

Pelv/o

A

Bowl,basin

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27
Q

Physi/o

A

Nature

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28
Q

Pleur/o

A

Pleura, rib

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29
Q

Poster/o

A

Back

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30
Q

Proxim/o

A

Near

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31
Q

Super/o

A

Above

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32
Q

Thorac/o

A

Chest, thorax

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33
Q

Tom/o

A

To cut

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34
Q

Umbilic/o

A

Navel,umbilicus

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35
Q

Ventr/o

A

Belly

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36
Q

Ana-

A

Up, towards

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37
Q

-y

A

Process of

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38
Q

Physi/o

A

Nature

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39
Q

-logy

A

Study or science of

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40
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintaining internal stability

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41
Q

Home/o

A

Sameness, unchanging

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42
Q

-stasis

A

Standing still

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43
Q

Atom

A

It’s the simplest organized substance known , although it too is composed of smaller particles.

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44
Q

Organelles

A

Atoms may bind together to form molecules, which in turn combine to form large non living structures such as parts of cells called organelles

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45
Q

Cell

A

It’s the most basic form of life in the body

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46
Q

Tissues categories

A

Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue

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47
Q

Organ

A

Two or more different tissues combine to form an organ

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48
Q

Organ system

A

A group of organs sharing a general function is called organ system

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49
Q

Atoms of the body:

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

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50
Q

Molecules to form human body:

A

Sugar, proteins, water

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51
Q

Organelles to form human body:

A

Mitochondrion, nucleus, ribosome

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52
Q

Cells to form human body:

A

Epithelial cell, nerve cell, muscle cell

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53
Q

Tissues to form human body:

A

Epithelial tissue, nervous tissue, muscle tissue , connective tissue

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54
Q

Organs ( building blocks of the body, complexity increases in the direction of the arrow

A

Lung, brain, stomach, kidney

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55
Q

Organ systems of human body:

A

Respiratory system, nervous system, digestive system, circulatory system

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56
Q

Organism:

A

Human organism

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57
Q

Cardiovascular system:

A

Major arteries, heart and major veins

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58
Q

Cardiovascular system function:

A

Transport substances to and from body cells

59
Q

Respiratory system

A

Pharynx, trachea, right lung, nose, larynx, bronchi, and left lung

60
Q

Respiratory system function:

A

Exchanges gases between the external environment and blood

61
Q

Urinary system

A

Urinary bladder, urethra, kidneys (2), uterus(2)

62
Q

Urinary system functions

A

Removes nitrogenous waste and excess water and salt from their bloodstream

63
Q

Lymphatic system:

A

Tonsils, thymus, lymphatic vessels, spleen, lymph nodes

64
Q

Function of the lymphatic system:

A

Removes unwanted substances and recycle fluid to the bloodstream

65
Q

Digestive system:

A

Pharynx, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, colon, mouth, saliva glands, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine

66
Q

Function of digestive system:

A

Prepares food for absorption into the bloodstream and eliminates solid wastes

67
Q

Female reproduction system:

A

Mammary glands, Fallopian tube, uterus, ovary, vagina.

68
Q

Function of female reproduction system:

A

Produces female gametes for fertilization and provide support for prenatal development

69
Q

Male reproduction system:

A

Vas deferens, testis, prostate, urethra, penis

70
Q

Function of the male reproduction system:

A

Produces male gambles for fertilization and a means to inseminate a female

71
Q

Endocrine system:

A

Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries or testis (male)

72
Q

Function of the endocrine system:

A

Controls homeostasis by realizing hormones into the blood stream, which alter body functions

73
Q

Nervous system:

A

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

74
Q

Function of nervous system?

A

Controls homeostasis by sensing changes in the environment, processing information and initiating body responses.

75
Q

Musculoskeletal system:

A

Bone, muscle, joints, tendons

76
Q

Function of musculoskeletal system :

A

Muscles produce movement of body parts; bones and joints support and protect soft body parts, store minerals and form blood cells.

77
Q

Integumentary system:

A

Hair, skin, nails

78
Q

Function of the integumentary system:

A

Protects the body from fluid loss, injury and infection

79
Q

Anatomical directional terms:

A

Are words used to describe the relative location of the body or its parts

80
Q

Anatomical position:

A

Straight posture with the face forward, arms at the side, palms of the hands facing forward, and legs apart with the feet pointing forward

81
Q

Supine position

A

Patient Lying on the back

82
Q

Prone position

A

Patient is lying on the belly

83
Q

Superior
(Super/ior)

A

Toward the head end or upper part of the body
Example:
The head is superior to the neck

84
Q

Medial
(Medi/al)

A

Toward the middle line, which is an imaginary vertical line down the middle of the body
Example: the nose is medial to the ears

85
Q

Coronal or frontal plane:

A

Divides the body from front and back

86
Q

Transverse or horizontal plane:

A

Divides the body in two ( upper and lower body)

87
Q

Midsagittal position:

A

Divides the body from right and left from the middle line of the body

88
Q

Anterior ( ventral)
Anter/ior

A

Towards the front or belly side
Example:
The eyes are on the anterior side of the head

89
Q

Posterior
( dorsal) poster/ion

A

Toward Back of the body
Example:
The vertebral column extends down the posterior ( dorsal)side

90
Q

Inferior ( infer/ior)

A

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of the body
Example:
The neck is inferior to the head

91
Q

What are the suffixes?

A

It fixes a word with -ion or -al both with the same meaning ( pertaining to)

92
Q

Lateral
( later/al)

A

Toward the side

The ears are lateral to the nose

93
Q

Superficial
(Super/ficial)

A

External, toward the body surface

The skin is superficial to the muscle and body cavities

94
Q

Deep

A

Internal, inward from the surface of the body
Example: the heart leis deep to the rib cage

95
Q

Proximal
(Proxim/al)

A

Toward the origin of attachment to the trunk
Example: the elbow is proximal to the wrist

96
Q

Distal
(Dist/al)

A

Away from the origin of attachment to the trunk
Example: the knee is distal to the hip and thigh

97
Q

What is anatomical plane?

A

Plane is an imaginary flat field that is used as point of reference for viewing three dimensional objects

98
Q

Three major Anatomical planes:

A

Frontal or coronal plane, Sagittarius plane, and transverse plane

99
Q

What are the regions of the body made for?

A

Are areas that having named to give healthcare workers the ability to communicate possible problems that may be revealed during a physical examination

100
Q

Five Major body regions:

A

Head, neck, upper appendages, trunk, lower appendages

101
Q

Subdivision of the head region;

A

Face and cranium

102
Q

Subdivision of the neck region:

A

Anterior neck, posterior neck

103
Q

Subdivision of the upper appendages region:

A

Shoulders, axilla ( armpit) brachial ( upper arm) elbow, antebrachium (forearm) carpus (wrist) manus ( hand) and digits (fingers)

104
Q

Subdivision of the trunk region

A

Thorax, abdomen, pelvis, back

105
Q

Subdivision of the lower appendages region

A

Gluteus (buttock) femorus ( thigh) knee, crus (leg),tarsus (ankle), pes ( foot) digits (toes)

106
Q

Epigastric

A

On the stomack

107
Q

Right and left iliac

A

Pretending to the hip or groin

108
Q

what are the appendages?

A

Head, arms, and legs

109
Q

What are cavities?

A

The spaces between organs

110
Q

What is viscera?

A

The content of the space between organs

111
Q

What is pericardial cavity means?

A

Pertaining to around the heart

112
Q

Pleur/al

A

Rib

113
Q

Abdominal/o

A

Abdomen

114
Q

Anter/o

A

Front

115
Q

Brachi/o

A

Arm

116
Q

Caud/o

A

Tail

117
Q

Cervic/o

A

Neck

118
Q

Cran/o crani/o

A

Skull

119
Q

Cyt/o

A

Cell

120
Q

Dist/o

A

Distant

121
Q

Dors/o

A

Back

122
Q

Femor/o

A

Thigh

123
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomack

124
Q

Glute/o

A

Buttock

125
Q

Hom/o home/o

A

Same

126
Q

Ili/o

A

Flank, hip, groin

127
Q

Infer/o

A

Below

128
Q

Inguin/o

A

Below

129
Q

Lumb/o

A

Loin, lower back

130
Q

Medi/o

A

Middle

131
Q

Organ/o

A

Tool

132
Q

Chondr

A

Gristle, cartilage

133
Q

Pelv-

A

Bowl, basin

134
Q

Refers to the study of the living things

A

Physiology

135
Q

Area of the abdomen

A

Abdominal

136
Q

Below the cartilage

A

Hypochondria

137
Q

Pericardial

A

Pertaining to around the heart

138
Q

Pelvic

A

Pertaining to a bowl or basin

139
Q

Chron/o

A

Time

140
Q

Path-

A

Disease

141
Q

Condition of instability

A

Disease

142
Q

Identification of the illness ?

A

Diagnosis

143
Q

Experiences of the patient resulting from a disease are called ?

A

Symptoms

CLA 131 (Medical Terminology) (9 decks)

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