CHAPTER 4 Flashcards
These types of cell junctions anchor adjacent cells together and resist their separation during contractile activities.
a) Tight junctions and hemidesmosomes
b) Gap junctions and tight junctions
c) Adherens junctions and desmosomes
d) Desmosomes and gap junctions
e) Hemidesmosome and tight junctions
c) Adherens junctions and desmosomes
Which epithelial tissue is found lining the kidney glomerulus, and performs blood filtration?
a) Simple squamous epithelium
b) Simple cuboidal epithelium
c) Stratified squamous epithelium
d) Stratified cuboidal epithelium
e) Simple columnar epithelium
a) Simple squamous epithelium
Which epithelial tissue forms the most superficial layer of the skin?
a) Simple squamous epithelium
b) Simple cuboidal epithelium
c) Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
d) Stratified cuboidal epithelium
e) Simple columnar epithelium
c) Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Which epithelial tissue lines the ducts of sweat glands and oil glands?
a) Simple squamous epithelium
b) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
c) Stratified squamous epithelium
d) Stratified cuboidal epithelium
e) Transitional epithelium
d) Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Which epithelial tissue lines most bronchioles and fallopian tubes and moves mucus and oocytes?
a) Ciliated pseudostratified columnar
b) Ciliated simple columnar epithelium
c) Stratified columnar epithelium
d) Nonciliated pseudostratified epithelium
e) Nonciliated simple columnar epithelium
b) Ciliated simple columnar epithelium
In which area would transitional epithelial cells be found?
a) Lining of the esophagus
b) Outer layer of skin
c) Lining of the urinary bladder
d) On the surface of the heart
e) Covering the kidneys
c) Lining of the urinary bladder
Sebaceous glands are classified as ________ and are functionally classified as ________
a) simple coiled tubular gland; merocrine.
b) simple branched acinar gland; holocrine.
c) simple branched tubular gland; apocrine.
d) simple branched acinar gland; apocrine.
e) simple branched tubular gland; holocrine.
b) simple branched acinar gland; holocrine.
Functional classification of exocrine glands is based on
a) shape of the gland.
b) size of the gland.
c) how the gland release its secretory product.
d) how the gland synthesizes its secretory product.
c) how the gland release its secretory product.
Mesenchyme will differentiate into all EXCEPT…
a) osteoblasts.
b) Erythrocytes.
c) chondroblasts.
d) fibroblasts.
e) keratinocytes.
e) keratinocytes.
The ________ component of connective tissue is found between the cells and fibers, and functions to support and bind cells in the tissue together.
a) matrix
b) formed elements
c) ground substance
d) basement membrane
c) ground substance
Which polysaccharide is commonly found in the ground substance of connective tissues?
a) Hyaluronic acid
b) Melanin
c) Cholesterol
d) Glycogen
e) Starch
a) Hyaluronic acid
The ________ is formed from reticular fibers that support soft organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes.
a) matrix
b) ground substance
c) basement membrane
d) stroma
e) glycosaminoglycans
d) stroma
Anne suffers from Ehlers-Danlos, a rare inherited disorder of connective tissue, specifically affecting collagen fibers. Because many connective tissues contain collagen throughout the body, she has issues with many tissues, joints, and skin. The ligaments and tendons are loose and heal poorly when stretched too much. Her kneecap pops out of the groove a lot. What specific connective tissue is being affected? Select all that apply.
a) Hyaline cartilage
b) Elastic connective tissue
c) Dense regular connective tissue
d) Areolar connective tissue
e) Reticular connective tissue
a) Hyaline cartilage
c) Dense regular connective tissue
The pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs are composed of
a) hyaline cartilage.
b) elastic cartilage.
c) fibrocartilage.
d) dense irregular connective tissue.
e) dense regular connective tissue.
c) fibrocartilage.
What is the basic structural unit of compact bone tissue?
a) Osteon
b) Stroma
c) Lamellae
d) Chromosome
e) Lacunae
a) Osteon
Spongy bone tissue lacks
a) lamellae.
b) lacunae.
c) osteocytes.
d) haversian canals.
e) canaliculi.
d) haversian canals.
Which membrane lines freely moveable joints?
a) Mucous membrane
b) Serous membrane
c) Cutaneous membrane
d) Synovial membrane
d) Synovial membrane
Which membrane reduces friction between organs?
a) Cutaneous membrane
b) Serous membrane
c) Mucous membrane
d) Basement membrane
e) Synovial membrane
b) Serous membrane
Immature, undifferentiated cells that can divide to replace lost or damaged cells are called
a) stem cells.
b) parenchymal cells.
c) fibroblast cells
d) granulocytes.
e) agranulocytes.
a) stem cells.
____ muscle pumps blood through the body and _______ is located in the wall of blood vessels?
a) Skeletal muscle; smooth muscle
b) Smooth muscle; cardiac muscle
c) Cardiac muscle; smooth muscle
d) Cardiac muscle; skeletal muscle
e) Smooth muscle; smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle; smooth muscle
Which cells are considered excitable cells because they are able to produce electrical signals?
a) Neuroglial cells and muscle cells
b) Muscle cells and fibroblasts
c) Neuroglial cells and neurons
d) Neurons and gap junctions
e) Muscle cells and neurons
e) Muscle cells and neurons
________ are abnormal joining of tissues resulting from the formation of scar tissue at a previous site of inflammation or surgical repair.
________ are abnormal joining of tissues resulting from the formation of scar tissue at a previous site of inflammation or surgical repair.
An individual that becomes sedentary due to an ACL operation, will experience muscle ________ due to lack of physical activity.
a) atrophy
b) hyperplasia
c) hypertrophy
d) adhesion
e) anorexia
a) atrophy
Support electrical excitable cells found in the nervous system are called
a) neuroglial cells.
b) neurons.
c) axon.
d) muscle cells.
e) dendrites.
a) neuroglial cells.
Electrical signals called ________ travel along the plasma membrane of a neuron and stimulate the release of chemicals called ________ that are then used to communicate with other cells.
a) action potentials; neurotransmitters
b) action potentials; hormones
c) action potentials; cytokines
d) threshold potentials; cytokines
e) threshold potentials; neurotransmitters
a) action potentials; neurotransmitters
An infant has a genetic disorder that affects the thermogenic gene in brown fat. What may be an outcome of this disorder?
a) Difficulty absorbing nutrients from the intestines
b) Difficulty regulating body temperature
c) Difficulty protecting organs
d) Difficulty in reserving energy
e) Difficulty in repairing tissue
b) Difficulty regulating body temperature
What connective tissue is replaced by bone in the epiphyseal plates?
a) Elastic connective tissue
b) Dense regular connective tissue
c) Hyaline cartilage
d) Fibrocartilage
e) Dense irregular connective tissue
c) Hyaline cartilage
Vitamin C is needed for healthy collagen fibers. What tissue will NOT be as affected if vitamin C was absent or present in low amounts?
a) Denser regular connective tissue
b) Fibrocartilage tissue
c) Bone tissue
d) Elastic tissue
e) Transitional tissue
e) Transitional tissue
