CHAPTER 4

Question 1

These types of cell junctions anchor adjacent cells together and resist their separation during contractile activities.

a) Tight junctions and hemidesmosomes
b) Gap junctions and tight junctions
c) Adherens junctions and desmosomes
d) Desmosomes and gap junctions
e) Hemidesmosome and tight junctions

Answer 1

c) Adherens junctions and desmosomes

Question 2

Which epithelial tissue is found lining the kidney glomerulus, and performs blood filtration?

a) Simple squamous epithelium
b) Simple cuboidal epithelium
c) Stratified squamous epithelium
d) Stratified cuboidal epithelium
e) Simple columnar epithelium

Answer 2

a) Simple squamous epithelium

Question 3

Which epithelial tissue forms the most superficial layer of the skin?

a) Simple squamous epithelium
b) Simple cuboidal epithelium
c) Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
d) Stratified cuboidal epithelium
e) Simple columnar epithelium

Answer 3

c) Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 4

Which epithelial tissue lines the ducts of sweat glands and oil glands?

a) Simple squamous epithelium
b) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
c) Stratified squamous epithelium
d) Stratified cuboidal epithelium
e) Transitional epithelium

Answer 4

d) Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Question 5

Which epithelial tissue lines most bronchioles and fallopian tubes and moves mucus and oocytes?

a) Ciliated pseudostratified columnar
b) Ciliated simple columnar epithelium
c) Stratified columnar epithelium
d) Nonciliated pseudostratified epithelium
e) Nonciliated simple columnar epithelium

Answer 5

b) Ciliated simple columnar epithelium

Question 6

In which area would transitional epithelial cells be found?

a) Lining of the esophagus
b) Outer layer of skin
c) Lining of the urinary bladder
d) On the surface of the heart
e) Covering the kidneys

Answer 6

c) Lining of the urinary bladder

Question 7

Sebaceous glands are classified as ________ and are functionally classified as ________

a) simple coiled tubular gland; merocrine.
b) simple branched acinar gland; holocrine.
c) simple branched tubular gland; apocrine.
d) simple branched acinar gland; apocrine.
e) simple branched tubular gland; holocrine.

Answer 7

b) simple branched acinar gland; holocrine.

Question 8

Functional classification of exocrine glands is based on

a) shape of the gland.
b) size of the gland.
c) how the gland release its secretory product.
d) how the gland synthesizes its secretory product.

Answer 8

c) how the gland release its secretory product.

Question 9

Mesenchyme will differentiate into all EXCEPT…

a) osteoblasts.
b) Erythrocytes.
c) chondroblasts.
d) fibroblasts.
e) keratinocytes.

Answer 9

e) keratinocytes.

Question 10

The ________ component of connective tissue is found between the cells and fibers, and functions to support and bind cells in the tissue together.

a) matrix
b) formed elements
c) ground substance
d) basement membrane

Answer 10

c) ground substance

Question 11

Which polysaccharide is commonly found in the ground substance of connective tissues?

a) Hyaluronic acid
b) Melanin
c) Cholesterol
d) Glycogen
e) Starch

Answer 11

a) Hyaluronic acid

Question 12

The ________ is formed from reticular fibers that support soft organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes.

a) matrix
b) ground substance
c) basement membrane
d) stroma
e) glycosaminoglycans

Answer 12

d) stroma

Question 13

Anne suffers from Ehlers-Danlos, a rare inherited disorder of connective tissue, specifically affecting collagen fibers. Because many connective tissues contain collagen throughout the body, she has issues with many tissues, joints, and skin. The ligaments and tendons are loose and heal poorly when stretched too much. Her kneecap pops out of the groove a lot. What specific connective tissue is being affected? Select all that apply.

a) Hyaline cartilage
b) Elastic connective tissue
c) Dense regular connective tissue
d) Areolar connective tissue
e) Reticular connective tissue

Answer 13

a) Hyaline cartilage

c) Dense regular connective tissue

Question 14

The pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs are composed of

a) hyaline cartilage.
b) elastic cartilage.
c) fibrocartilage.
d) dense irregular connective tissue.
e) dense regular connective tissue.

Answer 14

c) fibrocartilage.

Question 15

What is the basic structural unit of compact bone tissue?

a) Osteon
b) Stroma
c) Lamellae
d) Chromosome
e) Lacunae

Answer 15

a) Osteon

Question 16

Spongy bone tissue lacks

a) lamellae.
b) lacunae.
c) osteocytes.
d) haversian canals.
e) canaliculi.

Answer 16

d) haversian canals.

Question 17

Which membrane lines freely moveable joints?

a) Mucous membrane
b) Serous membrane
c) Cutaneous membrane
d) Synovial membrane

Answer 17

d) Synovial membrane

Question 18

Which membrane reduces friction between organs?

a) Cutaneous membrane
b) Serous membrane
c) Mucous membrane
d) Basement membrane
e) Synovial membrane

Answer 18

b) Serous membrane

Question 19

Immature, undifferentiated cells that can divide to replace lost or damaged cells are called

a) stem cells.
b) parenchymal cells.
c) fibroblast cells
d) granulocytes.
e) agranulocytes.

Answer 19

a) stem cells.

Question 20

____ muscle pumps blood through the body and _______ is located in the wall of blood vessels?

a) Skeletal muscle; smooth muscle
b) Smooth muscle; cardiac muscle
c) Cardiac muscle; smooth muscle
d) Cardiac muscle; skeletal muscle
e) Smooth muscle; smooth muscle

Answer 20

c) Cardiac muscle; smooth muscle

Question 21

Which cells are considered excitable cells because they are able to produce electrical signals?

a) Neuroglial cells and muscle cells
b) Muscle cells and fibroblasts
c) Neuroglial cells and neurons
d) Neurons and gap junctions
e) Muscle cells and neurons

Answer 21

e) Muscle cells and neurons

Question 22

________ are abnormal joining of tissues resulting from the formation of scar tissue at a previous site of inflammation or surgical repair.

Answer 22

________ are abnormal joining of tissues resulting from the formation of scar tissue at a previous site of inflammation or surgical repair.

Question 23

An individual that becomes sedentary due to an ACL operation, will experience muscle ________ due to lack of physical activity.

a) atrophy
b) hyperplasia
c) hypertrophy
d) adhesion
e) anorexia

Answer 23

a) atrophy

Question 24

Support electrical excitable cells found in the nervous system are called

a) neuroglial cells.
b) neurons.
c) axon.
d) muscle cells.
e) dendrites.

Answer 24

a) neuroglial cells.

Question 25

Electrical signals called ________ travel along the plasma membrane of a neuron and stimulate the release of chemicals called ________ that are then used to communicate with other cells.

a) action potentials; neurotransmitters
b) action potentials; hormones
c) action potentials; cytokines
d) threshold potentials; cytokines
e) threshold potentials; neurotransmitters

Answer 25

a) action potentials; neurotransmitters

Question 26

An infant has a genetic disorder that affects the thermogenic gene in brown fat. What may be an outcome of this disorder?

a) Difficulty absorbing nutrients from the intestines
b) Difficulty regulating body temperature
c) Difficulty protecting organs
d) Difficulty in reserving energy
e) Difficulty in repairing tissue

Answer 26

b) Difficulty regulating body temperature

Question 27

What connective tissue is replaced by bone in the epiphyseal plates?

a) Elastic connective tissue
b) Dense regular connective tissue
c) Hyaline cartilage
d) Fibrocartilage
e) Dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 27

c) Hyaline cartilage

Question 28

Vitamin C is needed for healthy collagen fibers. What tissue will NOT be as affected if vitamin C was absent or present in low amounts?

a) Denser regular connective tissue
b) Fibrocartilage tissue
c) Bone tissue
d) Elastic tissue
e) Transitional tissue

Answer 28

e) Transitional tissue