Chapter 4

Question 1

Dalton’s atomic theory

Answer 1

1. all elements are composed of atoms.
2. Atoms of the same element have the same # of protons + all elements have different atoms
3. Atoms of different elements mix together to form compounds.
4. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are joined/separated + atoms cannot change element

Question 2

Protons

Answer 2

Positively charged particles p+

Question 3

Electrons

Answer 3

Negatively charged particles e-

Question 4

Neutrons

Answer 4

Neutrally charged particles. n0

Question 5

Atomic Number

Answer 5

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom (Electrons match Protons)

Question 6

Mass number

Answer 6

Protons+Neutrons

Question 7

How to find neutrons

Answer 7

mass number - atomic number

Question 8

Isotopes

Answer 8

An atom with a normal number of protons but more or less neutrons

Question 9

Average atomic mass

Answer 9

Multiply the atomic mass of each isotope with its percentage of abundance then add all products together to find the average.

Question 10

The 7 horizontal rows in the periodic table

Answer 10

Periods

Question 11

the vertical columns in the periodic table

Answer 11

Groups/Families

Question 12

How to find atomic mass in a group of istopes

Answer 12

Know these 3 things
1. The # of stable isotopes of the element.

2. The mass of each isotope.
3. The natural % abundance of each isotope.

Question 13

What did Rutherford discover

Answer 13

He found that the atom were mostly empty space and that its weight was mainly in the nucleus

Question 14

High point of a wave

Answer 14

Crest

Question 15

Low point of a wave

Answer 15

Trough

Question 16

Height of wave from its base

Answer 16

Amplitude

Question 17

Length between the same point on a wave

Answer 17

Wavelength

Question 18

The number of waves that pass in a certain amount of time

Answer 18

Frequency

Question 19

Wave equation

Answer 19

c= λv
C- the speed of light in m/s 2.998x10^8 m/s
λ- Wavelength
v- frequency