Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General Chem I > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why is molecular structure so important?

A

small changes in the 3D structure can completely change chemical properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does teratogenic mean?

A

it harms the fetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the VSEPR model used for?

A

used to predict the structure of molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the difference in electron arrangement shape and molecular shape?

A

electron arrangment shape takes all regions of electron density into consideration whereas the molecular shape on takes into consideration how many bond pairs and lone pairs their are separately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why do molecules conform to a structure?

A

to maximize the distance between electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do you figure out the number of regions of electron density?

A

look at the central atom, see where there are bonds and lone pairs, add it all up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Does a double bond or triple bond count as 1 region of electron density or multiple regions of electron density?

A

the double and triple bonds count as 1 region of electron density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the electron arrangement structure for 2 regions of electron density?

A

linear

o - o - o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the electron arrangement for 3 regions of electron density?

A 
trigonal planar 
     o
     I
     o
   /   \
o       o
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the electron arrangement for 4 regions of electron density?

A

tetrahedral

      o
       l
      o
    /  l  \
o    o   o
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the electron arrangement for 5 regions of electron density?

A

trigonal bipyramidal (mix of 1 and 2 )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the electron arrangement for 6 regions of electron density?

A

octahedral (3 linears intersecting at central atom)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the electron arrangement describe?

A

describes the general structure of the molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the molecular structure describe?

A

location of bonds/atoms only since lone pairs require more space to move around

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are bonding electrons?

A

shared between 2 atoms and are attracted to the nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are non-bonding electrons?

A

affiliated with 1 atom and attracted to 1 nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In AXnEm notation, what does the A stand for?

A

central atom (just written as A)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In AXnEm notation, what does the Xn stand for?

A 
number of bonds around central atom (written as X)
                                                   #
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In AXnEm notation, what does the Em stand for?

A

number of lone pairs around central atom (written as E )

m

20
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX2?

A

linear and linear

21
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX3?

A

trigonal planar and trigonal planar

22
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX2E1?

A

trigonal planar and bent

23
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX4?

A

tetrahedral and tetrahedral

24
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX3E1?

A

tetrahedral and trigonal pyramidal

25
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX2E2?

A

tetrahedral and bent

26
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX5?

A

trigonal bipyramidal and trigonal bipyramidal

27
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX4E1?

A

trigonal bipyramidal and seesaw

28
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX3E2?

A

trigonal bipyramidal and T-shape

29
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX2E3?

A

trigonal bipyramidal and linear

30
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX6?

A

octahedral

31
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX5E1?

A

octahedral and square pyramidal

32
Q

What is the electron arrangement and molecular structure for AX4E2?

A

octahedral and square planar

33
Q

What is the first step in determining molecular structure?

A

drawing the lewis dot diagram

34
Q

What is the second step in determining molecular structure?

A

count the number of regions of electron density around the central atom

35
Q

What is the third step in determining molecular structure?

A

arrange the attached atoms or groups of atoms around the central atom in a way that maximizes the distances of electrons

36
Q

What is the fourth step in determining molecular structure?

A

determine the name of the molecular structure

37
Q

How do you consider the “central” atom with a compound that has more than 1 central atom?

A

consider each center individually

38
Q

What is the electronegativity difference between polar covalent bonds?

A

0.4 to 1.7

39
Q

How do notate that one atom is more electronegative than the other?

A

less electronegative atom -l—-> more electronegative atom

40
Q

What are dipole moments?

A

unequal distribution of electrons indicating polar bonds

41
Q

When trying to figure out if a compound is overall polar or nonpolar, what do you do?

A

draw the lewis dot diagram and see the distribution of electrons

42
Q

Is a molecule polar or nonpolar if there is an equal distribution of electrons from atoms in the same group?

A

non-polar molecule

43
Q

Is a molecule polar or nonpolar if there is an unequal distribution of electrons from atoms of different groups?

A

polar molecule

44
Q

Is a molecule polar or nonpolar if there is an unequal distribution of electrons from atoms of different and same groups?

A

polar molecule

45
Q

What is the bond of an atom in terms of being polar and nonpolar?

A

bond of an atom being nonpolar or polar refers to the electronegativity (atoms from different groups)

46
Q

What is the overall molecular-ness of an atom being polar or nonpolar telling you to look at?

A

looking at the distribution of electrons (if it is equal or not)

General Chem I (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions