Chapter 38 (Upper digestive disorder)

Question 1

Thyroid function tests
Transferrin transports circulating iron
B12 is essential in DNA synthesis, hematopoiesis, and CNS integrity
Folate is necessary for normal RBC and WBC function, DNA replication, and cell division
Zinc is involved in RNA and DNA synthesis, tissue repair, formation of collagen and the production of active vitamin A

Answer 1

Medical diagnosis for anorexia

Question 2

Correctable causes

Nutritional supplements

Answer 2

Medical treatment for anorexia

Question 3

Record chronic and recent illnesses, hospitalizations, medications, and allergies
Female patient’s obstetric history
Symptoms: pain, nausea, dyspnea, extreme fatigue
Check for poorly fitted dentures

Answer 3

Anorexia assessment

Question 4

The functional assessment reveals patterns of activity and rest, usual dietary patterns, current stressors, and coping strategies—all can affect appetite

Answer 4

Anorexia assessment

Question 5

Significant losses of fluids and electrolytes

Aspiration

Answer 5

Complication of severe prolonged vomiting

Question 6

Painful burning sensation that moves up and down, commonly occurs after meals, and is relieved by antacids
Acid regurgitation, intermittent dysphagia, and belching are common
Complications include esophageal stricture and adenocarcinoma

Answer 6

Signs and symptoms of GERD

Question 7

Backward flow of gastric contents from the stomach into the esophagus

Answer 7

GERD

Question 8

inhibit the release of histamine at the H2 receptor sites located primarily in gastric parietal cells results in inhibition of gastric acid secretion

Answer 8

H2 receptor blockers (Famotidine, ranintidine)

Question 9

stimulates motility of the upper GI tract and accelerates gastric emptying

Answer 9

Prokinetic agents (metoclopramide)

Question 10

binds to an enzyme on gastric parietal cells in the presence of acidic gastric pH, preventing the final transport of hydrogen ions into the gastric lumen

Answer 10

Proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole, pantoprazole)

Question 11

is an antiulcer agent; the aluminum salt of sulfated sucrose reacts with gastric acid to form a thick paste, which selectively adheres to the ulcer surface.

Answer 11

Carafate (sucralfate)