Chapter 38: Activity and Exercise Flashcards
This is a force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement. What is this defined as?
Friction
This is found In most mammals and especially in bipeds, they are the extensor muscles. What is this defined as?
Anti-gravity muscles
These are called the true joints. What is this defined as?
Synovial joints
These are activities usually performed in the course of a normal day in the patient’s life such as eating, dressing, bathing, brushing the teeth, or grooming.
What is this defined as?
Activities of daily living (ADL’S)
This is the point at which a person is not willing to accept pain of greater severity or duration. What is this defined as?
Activity Tolerance
This is nonvascular, supporting connective tissue with the flexibility of a firm, plastic material; because of its gristle-like nature, it sustains weight and serves a shock absorber between articulating bones. What is this defined as?
Cartilage
This causes movement in the joint.
What is this defined as?
Antagonistic muscles
These have little movement but are elastic and used to unite separate body surfaces such as the synchondrosis that attaches the ribs to the costals.
What is this defined as?
Cartilaginous joints
This is a midpoint or center of the weight of a body or object. What is this defined as?
Center of gravity
These are the muscles that maintain the posture characteristic of a given animal species. What is this defined as?
Anti-gravity muscles
This is a function achieved by a person using crutches. What is this defined as?
Crutch gait
This is an activity requiring physical effort, carried out especially to sustain or improve health and fitness.
What is this defined as?
Exercise
These joints have no joint cavity and are connected via connective tissue. What is this defined as?
Fibrous joints
In long term care settings, these are placed on the end of beds, patients push against them to move up in bed.
What is this defined as?
Footboards
This creates resistive isometric exercises which help promote muscle strength and provide sufficient stress against bone to promote osteoblastic activity. What is this defined as?
Footboards
This supports the skeletal system. What is this defined as?
Ligaments
This is the effects of rubbing or the resistance that a moving body meets from the surface on which it moves. What is this defined as?
Friction
This is total or partial paralysis of one side of the body that results from disease of or injury to the motor centers of the brain. What is this defined as?
Hemiplegia
This can cause muscle contraction and change in muscle lengths. What is this defined as?
Isotonic contraction
These joints are also called “fixed” or “immovable” joints, because they do not move. What is this defined as?
Fibrous joints
This a a patient’s manner or style of walking, including rhythm, cadence, and speed. What is this defined as?
Gait
This is the connection between bones. What is this defined as?
Joint
This is muscular weakness or partial paralysis restricted to one side of the body. What is this defined as?
Hemiparesis
This involves the tightening or tensing of muscles without moving body parts. What is this defined as?
Isometric Contraction
These connect bones and cartilage. And they are white, shiny, flexible bands of fibrous tissue that bind joints. What is this defined as?
Ligaments
Assessment of this function has 3 components: ROM, gait, and exercise. What is this defined as?
Mobility
This is the normal state of balanced muscle tension. What is this defined as?
Muscle tone
This is the position of the body in relation to the surrounding space. What is this defined as?
Posture
This is the ability of the body to sense its position and movement in space. What is this defined as?
Proprioception
This is the ability to move in one’s environment with ease and without restriction. What is this defined as?
Mobility
This is a range of movement of a joint from maximum extension to maximum flexion as measured in degrees of a circle.
What is this defined as?
Range of Motion (ROM)
This example of a type of joint has a hinge at the elbow, are freely movable and the most mobile, numerous, and anatomically complex body joints.
What is this defined as?
Synovial joints
These connect muscle to bone and are white, glistening, fibrous bands of tissue. What is this defined as?
Tendons
This is also known as an articulation. What is this defined as?
Joint
These muscles stabilize joints. What is this defined as?
Anti-gravity muscles
During movement the active mover muscle contracts while this muscle type relaxes.
What is this defined as?
Antagonist Muscles
These contract to accomplish the same movement.
What is this defined as?
Synergistic muscles
This is connected by dense connective tissue, consisting mainly of collagen.
What is this defined as?
Fibrous joints
This is a force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement. What is this defined as?
Friction
