Chapter 34: The Plant Body

Question 1

shoot system

Answer 1

stems, leaves, flowers

Question 2

stems

Answer 2

hold leaves in the sun; connections between roots and leaves

Question 3

leaves

Answer 3

are the main organs of photosynthesis

Question 4

eudicots

Answer 4

broad-leaved plants such as soybeans, roses, and maples

Question 5

monocots

Answer 5

narrow-leaved plants such as grasses, lilies and palms

Question 6

stems

Answer 6

elevate and support flowers and leaves; have buds (undeveloped shoots)

Question 7

shoots

Answer 7

composed of repeating doodles called phytomers

Question 8

peptide

Answer 8

stalk that attaches the leave blade to the stem

Question 9

plant cells have

Answer 9

• chloroplasts
• a central vacuole
• rigid cell walls w cellulose

Question 10

central vacuole

Answer 10

high concentration of solutes, enzymes, amino acids and sugars

Question 11

middle lamella

Answer 11

glue like material is deposited in cell plate

Question 12

primary cell wall

Answer 12

cellulose
hemicellulose
pectins

Question 13

cellulose

Answer 13

polymers of glucose molecules organized into bundles that form a lattice

Question 14

hemicellulose

Answer 14

highly branched polysaccharides chains that cross-link the cellulose microfibrils

Question 15

pectins

Answer 15

heterogeneous polysaccharides

Question 16

suspensor

Answer 16

one cell produces the embryo, the other produces a supporting structure

Question 17

tissue

Answer 17

organized group of cells that work together as a structural and functional unit

Question 18

tissue systems

Answer 18

grouped tissues

Question 19

dermal, group and vascular systems

Answer 19

extend throughout the plant body in a concentric arrangement

Question 20

dermal tissue system

Answer 20

forms the epidermis, usually a single layer of cells

Question 21

stomatal guard cells

Answer 21

form stoma pores for gas exchange

Question 22

trichomes

Answer 22

leaf hairs, provide protections against insects and solar radiation

Question 23

root hairs

Answer 23

increase root surface area, for uptake of water and minerals

Question 24

ground tissue system

Answer 24

makes up most of the plant body. function in storage, support and photosynthesis

Question 25

parenchyma

Answer 25

thin walls, large central vacuoles. sites of photosynthesis and storage

Question 26

vascular tissue system

Answer 26

the transport system

Question 27

xylem

Answer 27

distributes water and minerals taken up by roots to all parts of the plant

Question 28

phloem

Answer 28

transports carbohydrates from site of production to sites of utilization or storage

Question 29

primary growth

Answer 29

lengthening of shoots and roots and branching

Question 30

primary plant body

Answer 30

all non-woody parts of the plant

Question 31

secondary growth

Answer 31

increases diameter (bark)

Question 32

trees and shrubs have...

Answer 32

secondary plant growth consisting of wood and bark

Question 33

apical meristems

Answer 33

result in primary growth, cell division is followed by elongation

Question 34

lateral meristems

Answer 34

result in secondary growth

Question 35

zone of cell division

Answer 35

apical and primary meristems constitute

Question 36

zone of cell elongation

Answer 36

newly formed cells elongate thus pushing the root farther into the soil

Question 37

zone of maturation

Answer 37

cells begin to differentiate

Question 38

vegetative meristems

Answer 38

leaves are produced from apical meristems

Question 39

veins

Answer 39

extend within cells, supply the cell w water and minerals

Question 40

stomata

Answer 40

pores that allow gas exchange

Question 41

vascular cambium

Answer 41

elongated cells that divide often

Question 42

cork cambium

Answer 42

produces waxy walled protective cells