Chapter 3.3 The chemistry of food

Question 1

What units are carbohydrates made up of?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates are made up of units of sugar.

Question 2

What are simple sugars, and what do they contain?

Answer 2

Simple sugars are carbohydrates that contain only one or two sugar units - they turn blue Benedict’s solution brick red on heating.

Question 3

What do complex carbohydrates contain?

Answer 3

Complex carbohydrates contain long chains of simple sugar units bonded together.

Question 4

What do lipid molecules consist of?

Answer 4

Lipids consist of three molecules of fatty acids bonded to a molecule of glycerol.

Question 5

What does the ethanol test indicate?

Answer 5

The ethanol test indicates the presence of lipids in solutions.

Question 6

What are protein molecules made up of?

Answer 6

Protein molecules are made up of long chains of amino acids.

Question 7

How are proteins used in the body?

Answer 7

Protein is an important component of every cell in the body. Your body uses protein to build and repair tissues. You also use protein to make enzymes, hormones, and other body chemicals. Protein is an important building block of bones, muscles, cartilage, skin, and blood.