Chapter 3.3 - Cell Make Up

Question 1

Unicellular

Answer 1

describes an organism having only one cell

Question 2

Multicellular

Answer 2

having many cells. Most plants and animals are multicellular.

Question 3

Micrometre

Answer 3

a length of one millionth of a metre

Question 4

Nanometer

Answer 4

a unit of measurement equal to one billionth of a metre

Question 5

Nanotechnology

Answer 5

a rapidly developing field that includes studying and investigating cells and other objects of the smallest dimensions

Question 6

Prokaryotes

Answer 6

a rapidly developing field that includes studying and investigating cells and other objects of the smallest dimensions

Question 7

Eukaryotes

Answer 7

member of the group of organisms that has a membrane around the nucleus in each of their cells

Question 8

Cell membrane

Answer 8

structure that encloses the contents of a cell and allows the movement of some materials in and out

Question 9

Cytosol

Answer 9

Fluid found inside cells

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

small structures within a cell in which proteins such as enzymes are made

Question 11

Cytoplasm

Answer 11

the jelly-like material inside a cell. It contains many organelles such as the nucleus and vacuoles

Question 12

Metabolism

Answer 12

the chemical reactions occurring within an organism that enable the organism to use energy and grow and repair cells

Question 13

Binary fission

Answer 13

reproduction by the division of an organism (usually a single cell) into two new organisms

Question 14

Animalia

Answer 14

the kingdom of organisms that have cells with a membrane around the nucleus, but no cell wall, large vacuole or chloroplasts

Question 15

Fungi

Answer 15

the kingdom of organisms, such as mushrooms and moulds, that help to decompose dead or decaying matter

Question 16

Plantae

Answer 16

the kingdom of organisms that have cells with a membrane around the nucleus, cell wall, large vacuole and chloroplasts, commonly called plants

Question 17

Protostica

Answer 17

the kingdom of organisms, including algae and protozoans, that do not fit into other groups

Question 18

Prokaryotae

Answer 18

the kingdom of organisms that consist of single cells with a nucleus not surrounded by a membrane or a cell wall, commonly called bacteria

Question 19

Mitochondria

Answer 19

small rod-shaped organelles that supply energy to other parts of the cell. They are usually too small to be seen with light microscopes. Singular = mitochondrion.

Question 20

Cellular respiration

Answer 20

the chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP. The body is able to use the energy contained in ATP.

Question 21

Photosynthesis

Answer 21

the food-making process in plants that takes place in chloroplasts within cells. The process uses carbon dioxide, water and energy from the sun.