Chapter 33 Flashcards
Subdural
Between the dura and the brain, injuries have slower onset of symptoms
Epidural
Between the dura and the skull, injuries usually have faster onset symptoms
What is the dura
tough, fibrous membrane that provides a protective barrier around the brain
Suters
Immovable joint in the cranium
Open head injuries
Cranium is fractured
Closed head injuries
Laceration with cranium intact
Direct injuries to brain
Brain is lacerated, punctured, or bruised
CNS
The brain and spinal cord
PNS
Peripheral nervous system, connects CNS to rest of the body
Foremen magnum
The opening at the base of the skull that the spinal cord goes through
Neurogenic shock
Brain can’t signal to body
Types of distributive shock
Septic, anaphylactic, neurogenic
What is distributive shock
type of shock characterized by widespread dilation of blood vessels
Examples of obstructive shock
Cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax
Hematoma
Collection of blood in brain tissue
Coagulopathy
Loss of ability to form clots
Parts of Glasgow coma scale
Eye opening response worth 4 points, verbal response worth 5 points, motor response worth 6
What score on Glasgow coma scale is altered mental status
14 or lower
Brain central herniation
ICP pushes brain into foreman magnum
Decorticate
Arms bent inward
Deceberate
Extremities extend from body and body becomes rigid
JVD causes
Heart failure and fluid retention/blockage
Distraction injury
Injury caused by pulling or stretching
What happens to heart rate and blood pressure during ICP
Blood pressure rises while heart rate drops
