Chapter 29 Flashcards
3 types of blood vessels
Arteries, veins, and capillaries
Path of blood through the pulmonary circuit
deoxygenated blood goes from the right atrium of the heart to the right ventricle, then is pumped to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries. carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen, and oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, the oxygenated blood is pumped into the left ventricle then to the rest of the body
How do arteries and veins control tone
Arteries dilate/constrict, veins use valves
Blood functions
Transportation of gases, nutrition, excretion, protection (via white blood cells), regulation (of body temp, ph and electrolyte balance)
Perfusion
Adequate circulation throughout the body
Hypoperfusion
Shock
4 causes of shock
Volume/hypovolemic, pump/ cardiogenic, vessel tone/distributive, obstruction/obstructive
Absolute hypovolemia
Blood is lost
Relative hypovolemia
Plasma is removed
Types of distributive shock
Anaphylactic, neurogenic, septic
Causes of obstructive shock
Pulmonary embolism, cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothrorax
Cardiac tamponade
Blood bleeding into the sack around the heart and taking away pressure causing it to not take in blood
What causes fight/flight
Baroreceptors stimulate release of epinephrine and norepinephrine
Compensation
Body decreases perfusion and tries to restore blood flow
Can blood pressure be used as a sign for pediatrics
No, use heart rate
