Chapter 31

Question 1

Identify the cognitive/behavioral technique that is not a relaxation technique

Answer 1

Distraction

Question 2

Choose the statement that best describes progressive muscle relaxation

Answer 2

Alternating tensing and relaxing the muscles

Question 3

Milogram et al. rank which technique as one of the easiest and most familiar to dental professionals?

Answer 3

Distraction

Question 4

What is the most cited cause of dental fear?

Answer 4

A direct personal experience as a result of a past traumatic or unpleasant dental episode occurring in childhood

Question 5

The fight or flight syndrome is another term commonly used to describe what?

Answer 5

The stress response

Question 6

The site of dental instrument can be an immediate threat to a dentally fearful patient. As a result of this threat, the patient may experience bradycardia

Answer 6

The first statement is true, the second statement is false

Question 7

Many dental professionals do not discuss the patient’s fear or anxiety with the patient, because they are afraid of making it worse

Answer 7

Both the statement and the reason are correct and related

Question 8

Which of the following is not a common physiological reaction to dental fear, anxiety, or phobia?

Answer 8

Avoidance

Question 9

Adolescent and adult onset of dental anxiety is linked closer to what than to a response to a stimulus

Answer 9

An individual’s personality traits and overall anxiety

Question 10

Inviting a younger child to observe an appropriately behaved older sibling have oral health care provided is an example of

Answer 10

Modeling

Question 11

It is possible to have physical relaxation and an anxious mind at the same time because the brain can process many feelings simultaneously

Answer 11

Neither the statement nor the reason is correct

Question 12

The stress response

Answer 12

• Activates the sympathetic nervous system

- Constricts blood vessels of the skin

Question 13

What distinguishes a true dentally phobic patient from the anxious or fearful patient?

Answer 13

A dental phobic patient will avoid seeking regular oral health care, except in emergencies

Question 14

Which system of the body is responsible for releasing the stress hormones adrenaline and cortisol?

Answer 14

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 15

The mind perceiving negative suggestions about a treatment or medicine and that perception negatively affecting health and well-being is known as

Answer 15

Nocebo affect

Question 16

Relaxation response, the opposite of the stress response, activates what system that brings the body back from the rigors of the fight or flight response?

Answer 16

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 17

Choose the statement that best describes progressive muscle relaxation

Answer 17

slow tensing of individual muscle groups for 5 to 7 seconds, followed by release of the tension and relaxation of the same set of muscles for 20 to 30 seconds.

Question 18

Being in a supine position in the dental chair or holding the mouth open for the dentist or hygienist to apply instruments may contribute to what type of dental fear?

Answer 18

Uncontrollability

Question 19

Evidence has shown how the behavior and demeanor of the dental professional greatly influences the perception a patient will have of his or her experience. A cool, skeptical, and attached manner by the dental professional goes a long way in conveying to the patient that he or she is being taken seriously and can even influence the patients experience on that visit

Answer 19

The first statement is true, the second statement is false

Question 20

In the presence of fear and anxiety, it can be inferred that pain threshold and pain tolerance

Answer 20

Decrease

Question 21

Which of the following is not a benefit of a dental anxiety and pain control management program?

Answer 21

Referral of dentally phobic patients to specialists

Question 22

What is the ultimate cost of avoidance and delay of treatment?

Answer 22

Cycle of dental fear

Question 23

The dental hygienist has the opportunity to positively affect patient’s oral health care by affectively minimizing and managing fear and pain appropriately because he or she is the dental teams prevention specialist and the team member who often spends the most time with patients

Answer 23

Both the statement and the reason are correct and related

Question 24

All of the following are considerations for using distraction to help reduce patient’s anxiety except for one. Which one is the exception?

Answer 24

Works best for longer procedures

Question 25

Select all of the factors that are associated with dental fear and anxiety

Answer 25

- Direct conditioning - vicarious learning - personality traits

Question 26

The verbal interview should include all of the following except for one. Which one is the exception?

Answer 26

Clinician should provide effective one way communication

Question 27

Identify the behavior that the anxious or fearful patient is least likely to exhibit

Answer 27

Hands folded on lap

Question 28

For patients who tend to gag, have the patient raise one leg while taking radiographs. This cognitive/behavioral strategy is an example of

Answer 28

Distraction

Question 29

All of the following are characteristics of guided imagery except for one. Which one is the exception?

Answer 29

It is a natural focused state of mind

Question 30

She has the cognitive/behavioral strategy that is especially useful for teaching patients about new sensations

Answer 30

Tell – show – do

Question 31

Select a technique in which a patient mentally recites a prayer or phrase (mantra) over and over again

Answer 31

Focused attention

Question 32

Identify the major difference between dental fear and dental anxiety

Answer 32

Immediacy of the threat or stimulus

Question 33

Identify the statement that best describes relaxation techniques

Answer 33

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system to bring the body back from the fight or flight response

Question 34

In the United States, —— percent of adults avoid seeking dental treatment due to extreme fear

Answer 34

10%-20%

Question 35

After reading the patient’s record, what else could the dental hygienist do to be sure the patients dental fears were being addressed?

Answer 35

Complete a new dental fears assessment form with the patient at the same time as the verbal interview

Question 36

The hygienist was demonstrating what type of behavior when she address the patient’s anxiousness?

Answer 36

Both rapport and good communication skills

Question 37

The hygienist chose not to use topical anesthetic for the prophylactic procedure. What was she teaching the patient?

Answer 37

Both good coping skills for the future and that relaxation provides comfort

Question 38

Which statement would most likely be true?

Answer 38

The hygienist felt calm and comfortable and enjoyed working on this patient

Question 39

Guided relaxation and guided imagery are difficult to learn and should not be used by anyone not trained in cognitive behavior, such as a counselor or psychotherapist

Answer 39

False

Question 40

Although planning and managing patients dental fears and anxiety can be useful for the dental hygienist, it is time consuming and not likely to change the patient’s experience in the dental environment. Using one or more of the various dental fear assessment tools to help manage patients dental fears and anxiety may require extra time and may embarrass the patient, causing more stress for both dental hygienist and patient

Answer 40

Both statements are false

Question 41

Dental fear

Answer 41

Is defined as a reaction to a threat or a known danger and produces the fight or flight syndrome

Question 42

Which of the following is not a possible result of dental anxiety?

Answer 42

Timely treatment

Question 43

Avoidance and delay of treatment results in more treatment, increased costs, and, very often, more pain. Periodontal and endodontic treatment do not generally have a major effect on the dentally fearful patient.

Answer 43

The first statement is true, the second statement is false