Chapter 30 Plant Diversity II

Question 0

Integument

Answer 0

Layer of sporophyte tissue that contributes to the structure of an ovule of a seed plant.

Question 1

Seed

Answer 1

An adaptation of some terrestrial plants consisting of an embryo packages along with a store of food within a protective coat.

Question 2

Ovule

Answer 2

A structure that develops within the ovary of a seed plant and contains the female gametophyte.

Question 3

Pollen Grain

Answer 3

In seed plants, a structure consisting of the male gametophyte enclosed within a pollen wall.

Question 4

Pollination

Answer 4

The transfer of pollen to the part of a seed plant containing the ovules, a process required for fertilization.

Question 5

Conifer

Answer 5

A member of the largest gymnosperm phylum. Most conifers are cone-bearing trees, such as pines and firs.

Question 6

Flower

Answer 6

In an angiosperm, a specialized shoot with up to four sets of modified leaves, bearing structures that function in sexual reproduction.

Question 7

Sepal

Answer 7

A modified lead in angiosperms that helps enclose and protect a flower bud before it opens.

Question 8

Petal

Answer 8

A modified leaf of a flowering plant. Petals are the often colorful parts of a flower that advertise it to insects and other pollinators.

Question 9

Stamen

Answer 9

The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of an anther and a filament.

Question 10

Filament

Answer 10

In an angiosperm, the stalk portion of the stamen, the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.

Question 11

Anther

Answer 11

In an angiosperm, the terminal pollen sac of a stamen, where pollen grains containing sperm-producing male gametophytes form.

Question 12

Carpel

Answer 12

The ovule-producing reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary.

Question 13

Stigma

plural -> stigmata

Answer 13

The sticky part of a flower’s carpel, which receives pollen grains.

Question 14

Style

Answer 14

The stalk of a flower’s carpel, with the ovary at the base and the stigma at the top.

Question 15

Ovary

Answer 15

In flowers, the portion of a carpel in which the egg-containing ovules develop

Question 16

Complete Flower

Answer 16

A flower that has all four basic floral organs; sepals petals, stamens, and carpels.

Question 17

Incomplete Flower

Answer 17

A flower in which one or more of the four floral organs (sepals, petals, stamens, or carpels) are either absent or nonfunctional.

Question 18

Fruit

Answer 18

A mature ovary of a flower. The fruit protects dormant seeds and often functions in their dispersal.

Question 19

Embryo Sac

Answer 19

The female gametophyte of angiosperms, formed from the growth and division of the megaspore into a multicellular structure that typically has eight haploid nuclei.

Question 20

Cross-pollination

Answer 20

In angiosperms, the transfer of pollen from an anther of a flower on one plant to the stigma of a flower on another plant of the same species.

Question 21

Microphyll

Answer 21

In lycophytes, a small leaf with a single unbranched vein.

Question 22

Double Fertilization

Answer 22

A mechanism of fertilization in angiosperms in which two sperm cells unite with two cells in the female gametophyte (embryo sac) to form the zygote and endosperm.

Question 23

Cotyledon

Answer 23

A seed leaf of an angiosperm embryo. Some species have one cotyledon, others two.

Question 24

Endosperm

Answer 24

In angiosperms, a nutrient-rich tissue formed by the union of a sperm with two polar nuclei during double fertilization. The endosperm provides nourishment to the developing embryo in angiosperm seeds.

Question 25

Monocots

Answer 25

A member of a clade consisting of flowering plants that have one embryonic seed leaf, or cotyledon.

Question 26

Dicot

Answer 26

A term traditionally used to refer to flowering plants that have two embryonic seed leaves, or cotyledons. Recent molecular evidence indicates that dicots do not form a clade; species once classified as dicots are now grouped into eudicots, magnoliids, and several lineages of basal angiosperms.

Question 27

Eudicots

Answer 27

A member of a clade that contains the vast majority of flowering plants that have two embryonic seed leaves, or cotyledons.

Question 28

Basal Angiosperm

Answer 28

A member of one of three clades of early-diverging lineages of extant flowering plants.

Question 29

Magnoliid

Answer 29

A member of the angiosperm clade that is most closely related to the combined eudicot and monocot clades.