Chapter 30 Flashcards
Abnormal drooping of the eyelid caused by edema or impairment of the third cranial nerve.
Pytosis
An involuntary, rhythmical oscillation of the eyes, occurs as a result of local injury to eye muscles and supporting structures or disorder of the cranial nerves innervating the muscles
Nystagmus
A thin white ring along the margin of the iris and is common with aging but is abnormal in anyone under age 40
Arcus senilis
The ability to see small details is?
Visual acuity
Testing for ____ is only important if the patient has a defect in the pupillary response to light
Accommodation
If assessment of pupillary reaction is normal in all tests, record the abbreviation ____
PERRLA ( pupils, equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation)
What are the 3 types of hearing loss?
Conduction
Sensineural
Mixed loss
Hearing loss that interrupts sound waves as they travel from the outer ear to cochlea of the inner ear because sound waves are not transmitted through the outer and middle ear
Conduction
Farsightedness. Persons are able to see clearly see distant objects but not close objects
Hyperopia
Nearsightedness. Able to see near
Myopia
Impaired near vision
Presbyopia
Congenital condition in which both eyes do not focus on an object simultaneously. Eyes appear crossed
Strabismus
Local skin breakdown
Excoriation
For the patient with nasogastric tube, routinely check for local skin breakdown _____of the naris, characterized by redness and skin breakdown
Excoriation
Tumor like growths
Polyps
true or false
Anemia causes pallor of the lips
True
Cyanosis is caused by?
Respiratory and cardiovascular problems
Cherry colored lips indicated by?
Carbon monoxide poisoning
Symmetrical smile reveals?
Normal facial nerve function
Thick white patches _____ are often precancerous lesion in heavy smokers and alcoholic
Leukoplakia
Random, sudden rein flatiron of groups of alveoli, disruptive passage of air through small airways. They are high pitch fine, short usually not cleared with coughing
Crackles
Loud, low pitched, rumbling coarse sounds are heard either during inspiration or expiration and sometimes cleared by coughing. They primarily heard over trachea and bronchi
Rhonchi
Hugh pitched continuous musical sounds are like squeak heard continuously during inspiration or expiration, usually louder on expiration. Heard all over lung fields.
Wheezes
Dry rubbing or grating quality is heard during inspiration
Pleural friction rub
Positioning to assessed rectum and vagina
Sims
Position aids in detecting murmurs/heart
Lateral recumbent
This is most normally relaxed position. It provides easy access to pulse sites. But if patient becomes sob raise the head of bed.
Supine
Sitting upright provides full expansion of lungs
Sitting
Position is for abdominal assessment because it promotes relaxation of abdominal muscles
Dorsal recumbent
Position is only for assessing extension of hip joint, skin, buttocks
Prone
Position provides maximal exposure of rectal area
Knee chest
Non blanching, pinpoint size, red or purple of the skin caused by small hemorrhages in the skin layers
Petechiae
Thickening of skin
Senile keratosis
Change in angle between nail and nail base ( 180 deg) causes chronic lack of oxygen: heart or pulmonary disease
Clubbing
Spoon nails or concave nails causes iron deficiency, syphillis pr use of strong detergent
Koilonychia
Red or brown linear streaks in nail bed causes by minor trauma, subacute bacterial endocarditis
Splinter hemorrhages
Inflammation of skin base of nail
Parang chia
Transverse depression causes by severe infection
Beau’s lines
Are sustained swishing or blowing sounds heard at the beginning, middle, or end of the systolic or diastolic phase
Murmurs
An increased lumbar curvature or swayback
Lordosis
Lateral spinal curve
Scoliosis
Exaggeration of the posterior curvature of the thoracic spine. This is postural abnormality is common in older adults
Kyphosis
