Chapter 30 Flashcards
Water is ingested through fluids and _____
foods
Water is normally lost through?
urine & feces
Water is normally lost through urine & feces, but is also lost through _______ and the _______
- Skin (perspiration)
- Lungs (expiration)
The words _____ and ______ relate to normal fluid balance
hydrated and hydration
Fluid intake equals fluid output, what is this?
Normal hydration
Edema occurs when?
fluid intake exceeds fluid output
_______ is the swelling of the body tissues with water
Edema
_______ is common for people with heart, kidney, and liver diseases
Edema
What is pulmonary edema?
severe form of edema affecting the lungs
__________ occurs when output exceeds intake
dehydration
How much fluid does an adult need daily to survive?
1500mL
How much fluid is needed for fluid balance?
2000 to 2500mL
Edema is common for people with what 3 kinds of diseases?
heart, kidney, liver
What are the four common fluid orders?
- Encourage fluids
- Restrict fluids
- NPO
- Thickened liquids
A patient has edema, what fluid order are they on?
restricted fluids
Some uses for a restricted fluid order includes edema, _____ failure, ______ failure.
Kidney failure, heart failure
A patient who may be dehydrated is on what fluid order?
encourage fluids
Encourage fluid orders help with dehydration, _________ infection, and ________ ________
- Urinary tract
- Kidney stones
What are the uses for an NPO fluid order?
- Before & after surgery
- Laboratory tests
- Diagnostic procedures
- Treat certain illnesses
What is a thickened liquid order?
Water and all fluids are thickened by the dietary department
What is the use for a thickened liquid order?
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
Fluids are limited to a certain amount, what fluid order is this?
Restricted fluids
For restricted fluid care measures:
* Follow the care plan for?
* Offer fluids in small amounts in small containers
* Remove and keep what out of sight?
* Provide what frequent hygiene?
- For the amount allowed
- Remove the water mug & keep out of sight
- Provide frequent oral hygiene to keep mouth moist
For encouraged fluid care measures:
* Follow the care plan for?
* Keep what within the persons reach?
* Offer and help the person do what?
- Follow the care plan for the amount
- Keep a variety of fluids within the person’s reach
- Offer fluids often and help the person drink if not able to do so alone
A patient is NPO for __ to __ hours before surgery and for some tests and procedures
6 to 12 hours
An NPO patient needs what frequent hygiene procedure?
Oral hygiene
What foods that melt at room temperature can be measured for fluid intakes?
- Sherbet
- Custard
- Popsicles
- Icecream
- Gelatin
T/F: The CNA measures and records intravenous fluids and tube feedings
FALSE: Nurse measures only
Besides urine, vomitus, diarrhea, and wound drainage being outputs, what are two other outputs?
Output from an ostomy, drainage from suction
Intake and output are measured in ___
mL
I&O are used to _____ and ________ treatment
plan and evaluate
Urine, ostomy and drainage from suctions are outputs. What are three other outputs?
- Vomitus
- Diarrhea
- Wound Drainage
To provide drinking water, what information do you need from the care plan?
- Persons fluid orders
- How much ice to add
- If person uses straw
Flow rate is the number of _____ per minute or milliliters per ______
drops per minute or milliliters per hour
How many graduates do you need for measuring intake and output?
2 graduates
