Chapter 30

Question 1

What percent of the human body is water

Answer 1

60%

Question 2

Total body water is made of what three components

Answer 2

Intracellular fluid
Interstitial fluid
Plasma

Question 3

Do children have higher or lower water content

Answer 3

Higher

Question 4

What protein in the blood plays a major role in moving water to balance concentration

Answer 4

Albumin

Question 5

Colloid hypertonic does what

Answer 5

Pulls water out of the cell

Question 6

Colloid isotonic does what

Answer 6

Equal

Question 7

Colloid hypotonic does what

Answer 7

Pulls fluid into the cell

Question 8

What electrolyte plays major role in water balance

Answer 8

Sodium

Question 9

What is water loss

Answer 9

Sweating

Question 10

What is hypotonic loss

Answer 10

Kidney injury

Question 11

What is isotonic loss

Answer 11

Vomiting
Diarrhea

Question 12

What type of fluid contains proteins

Answer 12

Colloid

Question 13

What type of fluid does not contain protein

Answer 13

Crystalloid

Question 14

Crystalloids primarily treat

Answer 14

Dehydration

Question 15

What can crystalloids cause

Answer 15

Fluid overload

Question 16

What are colloids primarily used to treat

Answer 16

Plasma volume

Question 17

What two colloids can we give when someone does not accept blood products

Answer 17

Dextran
Hetastarch

Question 18

Can colloids improve oxygen carrying capacity

Answer 18

No

Question 19

What organ produces albumin

Answer 19

Liver

Question 20

What does albumin do

Answer 20

Keeps fluid in the blood vessels

Question 21

What can be given to increase oxygen carrying capacity

Answer 21

Blood

Question 22

What blood product is given if more than 50% slow bleed is lost or more than 20% acute bleed is lost

Answer 22

Cryoprecipitate and plasma protein

Question 23

What blood product increases clotting

Answer 23

Fresh frozen plasma

Question 24

What blood product is given if less than 25% of blood is lost and oxygen carrying capacity is needed

Answer 24

Packed RBC

Question 25

What blood product is given when more than 25% of blood is lost and oxygen carrying is needed

Answer 25

Whole blood

Question 26

What is the most abundant electrolyte inside the cells

Answer 26

Potassium

Question 27

What is the normal serum potassium range

Answer 27

3.5-5

Question 28

What organ is most impacted by potassium imbalance

Answer 28

Heart

Question 29

What are early signs of hypokalemia

Answer 29

Lethargy
Muscle weakness
Hypotension

Question 30

What are late signs of hypokalemia

Answer 30

Cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 31

What happens if someone is taking digoxin and gets hypokalemia

Answer 31

Digoxin toxicity: dysrhythmias

Question 32

What treats hyperkalemia

Answer 32

Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium polystyrene
Hemodialysis

Question 33

What is the most abundant electrolyte outside the cells

Answer 33

Sodium

Question 34

What is the serum level of sodium

Answer 34

135-145

Question 35

Sodium primarily effects which organ

Answer 35

Brain

Question 36

What treats hyponatremia

Answer 36

Sodium intake
Normal saline
Lactated ringers

Question 37

What is the only solution compatible with packed rbc

Answer 37

Normal saline

Question 38

Brain stem damage can occur when what is given too fast

Answer 38

Hypertonic solution

Question 39

Is hematocrit levels are high it means what

Answer 39

Dehydration

Question 40

Potassium cannot be given faster than what rate

Answer 40

20mmol/hr