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IFSTA Aerial Apparatus, Driver Operator > Chapter 3, Types/Construction Of Aerial Fire Apparatus > Flashcards

Chapter 3, Types/Construction Of Aerial Fire Apparatus Flashcards

1
Q

What NFPA standard describes the design requirements of all aerial apparatus?

A

NFPA 1901 (Automotive Fire Apparatus).

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2
Q

NFPA 1901 defines an aerial device into 3 categories, what are they?

A
  • aerial ladders
  • elevating platforms
  • water towers
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3
Q

IFSTA further breaks down aerial fire devices into 3 categories and 5 types. What are they

A 
-aerial ladder apparatus
(aerial ladder)
-elevating platform apparatus
(telescoping aerial platform
articulating aerial platform
aerial ladder platform)
-water towers
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4
Q

What is the most common type of aerial fire apparatus used?

A

Aerial fire apparatus.

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5
Q

What is an aerial ladder?

A

Power operated, allows ff to easily ascend/descend for firefighting or rescue operations.

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6
Q

What is the primary function of the turntable on an aerial ladder?

A

To provide continuous rotation on a horizontal plane.

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7
Q

What are the working height ranges for the aerial ladders?

A

50 to 135 feet (measured from top rung to the ground, at max elevation and extension).

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8
Q

What are the main uses for the aerial ladder?

A

-rescue
-ventilation
-elevated master stream apps
-gaining access to upper levels
(also great for exposure protection and above ground ff)

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9
Q

How can the aerial ladder be mounted on a chassis?

A
  • 2/3 axle single chassis vehicle

- 3 axle tractor trailer type vehicle

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10
Q

What type of aerial apparatus are equipped with steerable rear wheels on the trailer?

A

Tractor-drawn (tillered).

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11
Q

What are standard requirements on an elevating platform?

A

-platform leveling system
-minimum load cap of 750 pounds
-2gates below top rail (access/egress
-kick plate (4 inches high)
-drain
-2 operator control stations
back-up hydro system
-heat shield
-protective water fog nozzle
-rail completely enclosing the floor

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12
Q

All elevating platforms must have a minimum of 750 pounds load capacity under what 3 conditions?

A
  • fully extended
  • at any elevation within its normal range of motion
  • with no water in piping (drops to 500 pds with water)
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13
Q

Elevating platforms that are at or below 110 feet, should be able to be raised from the bedded position to max elevation and extension, and rotated 90 degrees in how much time?

A

150 seconds or less ( no time requirement for elevating platform higher than 110 feet).

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14
Q

What is the difference between the aerial ladder platform and the aerial ladder apparatus?

A

Platform is attached to the end of the aerial ladder.

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15
Q

What are the height ranges for the aerial ladder platforms?

A

85 to 110 feet.

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16
Q

What is the most common aerial ladder platform in use today?

A

Straight chassis, 3 axle vehicle with rear mounted aerial device.

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17
Q

What is the difference between the aerial ladder platform and the telescoping aerial platform?

A

Aerial ladder platforms are equipped with a large ladder that allows ff/victims to climb either direction. Telescoping platforms have small ladder used only for ff emergency escape.

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18
Q

What are the common sizes for telescoping aerial platforms?

A

They range from 75 to 100 feet.

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19
Q

What are the 2 types of construction that telescoping platforms are made of?

A
  • box beam (4 sides of steel welded to form a box with hollow center)
  • tubular truss beam (welded to form a box using triangle truss design)
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20
Q

What is difference between the articulating and telescoping platforms?

A

Telescoping slides into itself, articulating has boom section connected by a hinge; they fold/unfold like an elbow).

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21
Q

What is major advantage of the articulating platform?

A

Assembly enables platform to go “up and over” and into areas that straight lines can’t.

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22
Q

What are the standard height ranges for articulating platforms?

A

55 to 85 feet.

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23
Q

A combination telescoping/articulating platform has the benefits of both types of platforms. What are the height ranges for this platform?

A

90 to 174 feet.

24
Q

What is the function of a water tower platform?

A

These platforms are either telescoping or articulating, their primary function is to deploy elevated master streams.

25
Q

What are the common height ranges for the water tower platforms?

A

From 50 to 130 feet (can max flow from 1000 to 5000 gpm).

26
Q

Quint was derived from the phrase “quintuple fire apparatus”, meaning apparatus has 5 major features. What are they?

A
  • size of fire pump
  • size of water tank
  • amount of supply and attack hose
  • array and length of ground ladders
  • pre-piped waterway on the aerial apparatus
27
Q

How are aerial ladders attached to the truck?

A

On a straight chassis, either mid ship or rear mounted.

28
Q

What do trusses consist of on the aerial ladder?

A

An assembly of bars to form a rigid framework (triangle shape provides most strength).

29
Q

What is the bottom section of the ladder?

A

The base.

30
Q

What are the 2nd and subsequent sections of the ladder that extend?

A

The fly section/s.

31
Q

What are the 2 most common materials for aerial ladder construction?

A
  • aluminum alloy

- steel

32
Q

What are the 3 main portions of an aerial ladder?

A
  • base rail (beam; lower chords of aerial ladder)
  • top rails (hand rails; top chords)
  • rungs
33
Q

What NFPA standard establishes requirements for dimensions of sections of the aerial ladder?

A

NFPA 1901.

34
Q

What are the 3 main components of a hydraulic system?

A
  • hydraulic fluid (how system transmits force)
  • hydraulic pump (powered by PTO)
  • hydraulic reservoir (supplies fluid)
35
Q

For hydraulic fluid, how strong do the hydraulic lines need to be rated for?

A

Hose must be rated to withstand pressure at least 4 times greater than normal operating pressure.

36
Q

What do check valves prevent, in a hydraulic system?

A

Prevents fluid from flowing backward through a component (acts as safety feature).

37
Q

What does the selector valve do?

A

A 3-way valve that directs fluid to either the stabilizer control or aerial device control valves.

38
Q

What do stabilizers do?

A

Take most of the weight off of the suspension.

39
Q

What cylinders elevate the aerial device from its stowed position?

A

Hoisting cylinders.

40
Q

What do aerial device extension cylinders do?

A

They are dual cylinders used to extend the 2nd, and subsequent, sections of the aerial device.

41
Q

What is the main capability of the turntable control station?

A

Must have the ability to override the platform control station.

42
Q

What are the 2 types of pre-piped waterway systems on aerial ladders?

A
  • bed ladder systems (oldest type, attached to underside of base; operated manually)
  • telescoping ladder system (pipe attached from base to tip of fly section, remote control from control pedestals)
43
Q

What is a detachable ladder pipe system?

A

Separate master stream connection that is attached to top 2 rungs to act as elevated master stream.

44
Q

If a master stream is projected to either side of the aerial ladder, what will the backward thrust from the nozzle pressure do to the aerial ladder?

A

May cause an excessive side twist to an extended fly section.

45
Q

Which typically has a larger load capacity, the aerial ladder or the elevating platform?

A

Elevating platform.

46
Q

What NFPA standard requires a 2-way communication system on all aerial device apparatus?

A

NFPA 1901.

47
Q

What do breathing air systems on aerial devices provide?

A

They allow one or more ff operating at the tip to connect and breath clean air w/o the need to don an SCBA.

48
Q

What are the NFPA 1901 standard requirements, for elevating platforms with breathing air systems?

A
  • number of ff to be supported by the system
  • capacity of compressed air cylinders
  • pressure requirements of the piping system
  • low air warning alarm
  • conform to government regs
49
Q

What NFPA standard establishes requirements fo the quality of air in a breathing air system on an elevated platform?

A

NFPA 1989 (breathing air for respiratory protection).

50
Q

What is the most common power source used for emergency services?

A

Generators.

51
Q

What are the most commonly used tools on aerial apparatus?

A

Hydraulic powered extrication tools.

52
Q

What are the 4 types of hydraulic powered extrication tools?

A
  • spreaders
  • shears
  • combination spreader/shears
  • extension rams
53
Q

What are the 2 types of equipment that mechanically support the natural flow of heat/smoke from a fire building, to support ventilation?

A

-exhaust fans
-positive pressure blowers
(these are the most common type of ventilation equipment on the aerial apparatus)

54
Q

How do smoke ejectors work?

A

Place in a door/window/roof opening to create a lower pressure inside the fire building.

55
Q

How do positive pressure blowers work?

A

Used to increase the air pressure in a structure to force out by-products.

56
Q

NFPA 1901 requires what equipment to be on an aerial apparatus to use for salvage and overhaul?

A
  • multiple salvage covers

- 2 scoop shovels

57
Q

When does “loss control” start?

A

From the minute the companies leave the station and continues throughout the entire incident.

IFSTA Aerial Apparatus, Driver Operator (7 decks)

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