Chapter 3 - The Cellular Level of Organization Flashcards
Anaplasia
An irreversible change in the size and shape of tissue cells
Dysplasia
A reversible change in the normal shape, size, and organization of tissue cells
Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of normal cells in a tissue or organ, thus enlarging that tissue or organ
Hypertrophy
The enlargement of an organ or tissue due to an increase in the size of its cells
Liposome
Minute spherical sac of lipid molecules enclosing a water droplet
Necrosis
Death of one or more cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury, or inadequate blood supply
Oncologist
Cancer doctor
Prion
Protein particle that is not visible microscopically, contains no nucleic acid, is resistant to destruction, and is thought to be the cause of some brain diseases such as bovine spongiform ecephalopathy, scrapie, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM)
Image produced by an electron microscope in which a beam of focused electrons moves across an object with that object producing secondary electrons that are scattered and formatted into a three-dimensional image on a cathode-ray tube (scanning microscope)
Transmission Electron Micrograph (TEM)
Cross sectional image produced by an electron microscope that passes a beam of electrons through an extremely small specimen.
What two types of cells are in the body?
Sex (sperm and oocytes) and Somatic (everything else)
Cells are surrounded by what?
Extracellular fluid (interstitial)
Plasma Membrane
Cells outer boundary
What are the plasma membranes functions?
Physical isolation, regulation of exchange with the environment, sensitivity to the environment, and structural support
What is the plasma membrane made of?
It is a phospholipid bilayer, containing lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates
