Chapter 3 Terms To Know

Question 1

Cardiac or somatic oriented definition of death

Answer 1

The view that an individual dies when there is irreversible cessation of all cardiac and respiratory functions. If the functions are expanded to include other bodily integrating functions such as digestion, illumination, maintenance of homeostasis, etc., Then this is sometimes referred to as the somatic integrating definition of death

Question 2

Higher brain oriented definition of death

Answer 2

The view that an individual dies when there is irreversible cessation of all higher functions of the brain often believe to be functions related to consciousness and feelings

Question 3

Moral standing

Answer 3

The status of humans and other beings who have moral claims on others or to whom others have duties

Question 4

Person moral definition

Answer 4

Humans And other beings who possess full or maximal moral standing

Question 5

Person nonmoral definition

Answer 5

Humans and other beings who possess some critical physical or mental capacity such a self consciousness self awareness or rationality

Question 6

Rights based defense of the moral status of animals

Answer 6

Sentient Animals have a sacredness or right to life just the way humans do. The argument is not driven by concern for consequences

Question 7

Speciesism

Answer 7

The view in the debate about the moral status of animals that holds that species itself is a morally relevant factor in deciding moral standing, usually in the form of holding that humans, just by being humans, have greater moral standing the nonhuman animals, even those capable of having similar quantity and quality of experience

Question 8

Stem cells

Answer 8

Cells found in multicellular organisms that are unspecialized and are capable of renewing themselves, under certain conditions they can become tissue or organic specific cells

Question 9

Utilitarian defense of the moral status of animals (the “degrees of pleasure and pain” view)

Answer 9

Animals of different species which experience the same kind and quantity of pleasure or pain have equal moral claim to have the pleasure promoted or to be relieved of that pain

Question 10

Call brain oriented definition of death

Answer 10

The view that an individual dies when there is irreversible cessation of all function of the entire brain, including the brain stem