Chapter 1 Terms To Know Flashcards
Action theory
The branch of normative ethics pertaining to the principles of morally right behavior (as opposed to virtuous character, CF. Virtue theory, value theory).
Antinomianism
The position that ethical action is determined independent of law or rules cf. situationalism, rules of practice, legalism
Casuistry
The approach to ethics that addresses case problems by applying paradigm or settled cases attempting to identify morally relevant similar and dissimilar features
Contract theory
A type of meta-ethics that maintains that the source of moral rightness or the way of knowing what is moral stems from actual or hypothetical social agreement
Legalism
The position that ethical action consists in strict conformity to law or rules; CF. Antinomianism, rules of practice, Situationalism
Metaethics
The branch of ethics having to do with the meaning and justification of ethical terms and norms; CF. Normative ethics
Moral principles
General and abstract characteristics of morally right action. The main elements of part of normative ethics called action theory; CF action theory, moral rules
Moral rules
Concrete statement specifying patterns of morally right conduct, sometimes believed to be derived from more abstract tomorrow principles or, alternatively, created as summaries of patterns of individual case judgments
Normative ethics
The branch of ethics having to do with standards of right or wrong; CF. Metaethics
Relativism
In metaethics, the position that there are multiple sources or groundings of moral judgments such as the approval of various cultures do which any correct moral judgment must conform; CF. Universalism, situationalism
Rights
Justified moral or legal claims to entitlements or liberty is often seen as taking precedence over (“trumping”) considerations of consequences. Rights normally stand in a reciprocal relation with moral or legal rules; That is, if someone has a right to claim against Some other party, that other party is duty-bound by a rule requiring that the right be respected
Rules of practice
The position that rules govern practices such as the actions are normally judged by rules; CF. Antinomianism, situationalism, legalism
Situationalism
Deposition the ethical action must be judged in each situation guided by, but not directly determined by, rules
Universalism
Deposition and metaethics that there is a single source or grounding of moral judgment search is the divine well or reason to which any correct moral judgment must conform
Value theory
The portion of normative ethics having to do with rational conceptions of the desirable. Value Siri addresses the question of which outcomes are considered good consequences of actions
