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America Chapters 1-3 > Chapter 3 Societal and cultural change > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Societal and cultural change Flashcards

1
Q

When was the Equal Rights Act passed?

A

1972

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2
Q

compare female employment in 1900s and 1930s.

A

women start to take on more jobs from younger ages.
In 1900s total no. of women employed was 5,000,000.
In 1930s total no. of women employed was 10,600,000.

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3
Q

How did the Muller vs Oregon case effect working women?

A

Stated women would work max 10 hours a day.

Negatively impacted poor women, they couldn’t work enough to survive.

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4
Q

How did Eleanor Roosevelt (FDR’s wife) help women during the Great Depression?

A

Set up work camps for women, similar to the ones for men.
Camp Tera was the first one, 1933.
By 1936 there were 36 camps.

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5
Q

How much per dollar would a white woman earn compared to a man?

A

Women earned 61 cents to a man’s dollar.

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6
Q

How much worse was Black women’s wages than white men?

A

Black women earned 23 cents per dollar for a man.

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7
Q

Name of the woman in the famous WW2 poster encouraging women to work?

A

Rosie the Riveter

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8
Q

When and what was the Selective Training & Service Act?

A

1940

Trained some women to work in factories for when men got drafted to the military.

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9
Q

What % of married women worked in 1940?

What act helped increase this?

A

16%
1941 Lanham Act - extended childcare provision
Working married women rose to 23% from this.

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10
Q

Worker shortages meant black women could work places they couldn’t before.
What number of black women were on nursing courses in 1939 and 1941?

A

1939 - 1,108

1941 - 2,600

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11
Q

What % of husbands thought married women shouldn’t work in 1936, compared to 1942?

A

1936 - 82%

1942 - 13%

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12
Q

What were Levittowns?

A

Suburban areas consisting of mass-produced houses. Affordable for middle class Americans.

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13
Q

How many more Americans lived in suburbs in the 60s than the 50s?

A

19 million more.

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14
Q

How did the mass movement to suburbs affect cities?

A

As more people moved out, city living conditions get worse.
Increased Ghetto sizes.
education and jobs for women were worse off.

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15
Q

When and which suburb was the first mall built?

A

1954 in Detroit.

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16
Q

Suburban life stressed out some housewives. What did doctors prescribe them to deal with this?

(mason loves it)

A

Valium

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17
Q

When was the Equal pay act passed?

A

1963

Although wasn’t enforced properly.

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18
Q

What did the 1958 Education Act do to schools?

Was it effective?

A

Said every school should have a careers advisor for the kids.
Didn’t work out, weren’t enough councillors for schools.

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19
Q

When did Betty Frieden publish ‘The Feminine Mystique’?

A

1963

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20
Q

When was the National Organization for Women established?

A

June 30th 1966

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21
Q

What young radical groups worked with women’s rights?

A

SNCC & SDS

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22
Q

What’s the name of the first newspaper for women’s rights?

When was it published?

A

March 1968

Voice of the Women’s Liberation Movement

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23
Q

What was the date of the massive women’s rights protest in 1970?

A

26th of August

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24
Q

What did NOW’s membership rise to in 1974?

A

from 1,000 to 40,000.

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25
Q

What were 3 gains of the Women’s liberation movement?

A

Equal Pay Act 1963.
From 1970, some states allowed abortions under specific conditions.
1972 Eisenstadt vs Baird case, allowing contraception to be bought be women.
1973 Roe vs Wade federally legalised abortions.
ERA 1972.

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26
Q

In early 1900s. what % of immigrants were from southern and eastern Europe?

A

81%

27
Q

When was the Dillingham comission?

A

1911

28
Q

What legislation did the Dillingham commission contribute to?

A

Immigration acts in the 1920s.

e.g. Emergency quota act 1921.

29
Q

Why did America restrict immigration in the 20s?

A

Isolationism from WW1

Red Scare made people suspicious of foreigners.

30
Q

During the Great depression, America’s (anti) immigration plan focused on countries to their east.
Where did most of their immigrants come from during that time?

A

Mexico and South America.

31
Q

How many Mexicans were deported during the Great Depression?

A

400,000

32
Q

Where did most of Henry Ford’s factory workers come from?

the car guy

A

Eastern Europe

33
Q

During the 40s, what was the % population of Italians, Germans and Japanese?

A

Italians 14.2%
Germans 10.8%
Japanese >1%

34
Q

After Pearl Harbor, how many Japanese in America were put in internment camps?

A

120,000 (roughly 75% of all Japanese in America)

35
Q

What restrictions did Japanese men in the US army face?

A

Put into Segregated units.

Sent to Europe only.

36
Q

Name famous German serving in the US military.

A

Admiral Chester Nimitz, commanded the US Pacific fleet.

37
Q

When did regular, licensed radio begin broadcasting in America?

A

1920

38
Q

What song did FDR use in his election campaign?

A

Happy days are here again

39
Q

When was the first movie with talking?

What was its name?

A

1927

The Jazz Singer

40
Q

How many movie theatre seats were there in 1941?

A

10,500,000

One seat for every 12.5 people.

41
Q

What Actress actually had a hairstyle named after them?

A

Clara Bow, the ‘it’ girl.

42
Q

Between the 1930-40s, what % of movies worldwide were made by Hollywood?

A

90%

43
Q

What was the budget for an early A list movie?

A

$200,000-$500,000

44
Q

In the 30s, the average yearly salary was $2,000.

How much did the actress Shirley Temple earn a week?

A

$5,000

45
Q

Give an example of sponsors affecting the movie industry.

A

MGM made a $500,000 deal with Coca cola.

The cast had to drink coke during filming breaks and magazine interviews.

46
Q

What were some arguably negative impacts of movies on society?

A

In the 1920s, women complained female stars wore too little clothing.
Gangster films made violent crime look like a good thing.

47
Q

How did movie studios try to resolve criticisms of the movies?

A

The Motion Picture Production Code 1929.

Between 1930-1966, movies had to be morally improving films.

48
Q

In 1929, what % of homes had a gramophone in them?

A

almost 50%.

49
Q

1929, how many $ worth of records were sold?

A

$75 million.

50
Q

What started to out compete record sales in the 1935?

A

Radios

Note: 1929, 150 million record sales. 1935, only 25 million.

51
Q

What was the first commercial radio station?

When did it start airing?

A

KDKA

2nd November 1920.

52
Q

How did radio prove its worth on an election day?

A

Broadcasted the Election results before the papers could print it out.

53
Q

When was the first radio advertisement?

A

August 1922.

54
Q

When and what was the Radio Act?

A

1927

Set up federal licensing of radio stations to thin out the airways.

55
Q

What priest got famous for criticising the KKK over radio talks?

A

Father Coughlin.

Note: by 1930, he had 40 million listeners.

56
Q

When and where was the first television shown?

A

1939 World’s Fair.

57
Q

When was the first TV advert featuring a black American?

A

1963

58
Q

What did TV adverts aimed at children and wives create?

A

Pester power.

59
Q

Give an example on how TV influenced politics in America.

A

JFK vs Nixon debate.

JFK presented himself very well on TV which contributed to his victory in 1961.

60
Q

What non-profit TV channel was set up in 1969 to educate Americans?

A

The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS).

61
Q

What types of TV became popular in the 60s/70s?

A

Drama
Political Satire
Documentaries
News got more lime light too.

62
Q

Famous radio news reporter during WW2.

A

Ed Murrow.

63
Q

Give an example on how TV media shaped public opinion.

A

1968, Walter Cronkite released his documentary on Vietnam.
It revealed a lot of controversial things American soldiers were doing.
Caused a decline in overall presidential opinion and increased anti-war support.

64
Q

Name one thing Cronkite’s documentary exposed about Vietnam.

A

Marines Burning the village of Cam Ne, 1965.
Soldiers fighting after taking methamphetamines.

Note: Methamphetamines were used during wars because fighting was so physically taxing, soldiers needed hard drugs to negate the affects of fatigue.

America Chapters 1-3 (3 decks)

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