Chapter 3: Social Connections

Question 1

A healthy sense of self

Answer 1

self-esteem, empathy, ability to be alone and with others

makes successful relationships possible

Question 2

Friendship

Answer 2

a reciprocal relationship based on mutual caring, respect, trust, interest and companionship

Question 3

Social Support

Answer 3

having family and friends to share positive and negative life experiences with

-offers a psychological buffer against stress, anxiety, and depression
-may increase one’s sense of self-worth

Question 4

Intimae Relationship

Answer 4

similar to friendship but are more exclusive, include deeper levels of connection, and has a sexual component

Question 5

Characteristics of Successful Partnerships

Answer 5

-Independence and Maturity
-Self esteem and mutual respect
-Good communication
-Sexual affection and respect
-Quality time together and alone
-Acknowledgement of strengths/failings
-Assertive/flexible in wants and needs
-Unselfish caring
-Friends and lovers
-Good relationships with family/friends
-Shared Spiritual values

Question 6

Factors that promote attraction

Answer 6

Proximity and familiarity
Physical attractiveness
Similar values/attitudes

Question 7

Similarity Theory

Answer 7

we fall in love with people who are similar to us in important ways

Question 8

Social Exchange Theory

Answer 8

choosing a partner based on exchange of commodities (love, status, property, services)

Question 9

Love involves

Answer 9

increased levels of dopamine
causes arousal of sympathetic nervous system
effects subside as lovers become habituated to each other

Question 10

Sternberg’s Love Triangle

Answer 10

Love has 3 dimensions
Intimacy
Passion
Commitment

*different combinations of these components in a relationship produce different kinds of love

Question 11

Nonverbal communication

Answer 11

takes place without words, mostly through body language

Question 12

Metamessage

Answer 12

unspoken message
meaning behind the message conveyed by nonverbal behavior and situational factors like how, when, and where the message is delivered

Question 13

“I” Statements

Answer 13

avoids accusing others
helps take responsibility for own emotions/reactions

Question 14

Assertiveness

Answer 14

ability to stand up for oneself without violating other’s rights

Question 15

Gender differences in communication

Answer 15

Men more likely o use communication to compete
Women more likely to use communication to connect

Question 16

Sex

Answer 16

Biological status as male/female

Question 17

Intersex

Answer 17

condition in which genitals are ambiguous at birth

Question 18

Gender

Answer 18

behaviors/characteristics considered appropriate for a male or female

Question 19

Cisgender

Answer 19

an individual whose gender matches assigned gender

Question 20

Gender role

Answer 20

behaviors an individual engages in to conform to society’s expectations

Question 21

Androgynous

Answer 21

an individual that displays characteristics of both genders

Question 22

Gender identity

Answer 22

internal sense of being male/female

Question 23

Gender dysphoria

Answer 23

discomfort about one’s sex

Question 24

Transgender

Answer 24

sense of identity that conflicts with one’s biological sex

Question 25

Sexual Orientation

Answer 25

refers to emotional, romantic, or sexual attraction to members of same sex, other sex, or both.

Question 26

Marriage

Answer 26

A legal union- a contract between couple and state

Question 27

Cohabitation

Answer 27

two people live together as unmarries partners
Individuals may eventually choose to marry, but many do not and continue cohabiting

Question 28

Divorce

Answer 28

dissolution of marriage
First marriages have 40-50% chance of divorce

Question 29

Cohesion

Answer 29

balance between separateness and togetherness

Question 30

Flexibility

Answer 30

balance between stability and change