Chapter 3 Smartbook

Question 1

The development sequence that occurs top to bottom is a _______ pattern, whereas. trunk-out developmental pattern is referred to as _______.

Answer 1

cephalocaudal; proximodistal

Question 2

Tajaniece breast feeds her baby for the first six months of his life. Research indicates that her baby is more likely to ________ than formula-fed babies.

Answer 2

gave overall better general health outcomes

Question 3

Grasping a toy, using a spoon, and buttoning a shirt all demonstrate

Answer 3

fine motor skills

Question 4

Seeing something that is striped orange and black coming at you is an example of ________; and identifying the approaching figure as a tiger is an example of ________.

Answer 4

sensation; perception

Question 5

The method of studying whether infants can distinguish one stimulus from another by measuring the length of time they attend to different stimuli is called the

Answer 5

visual preference method

Question 6

If an infant’s behavior is followed by a rewarding stimulus, the behavior is likely to occur again. This is known as

Answer 6

operant conditioning

Question 7

The focusing of mental resources on select information is known as

Answer 7

attention

Question 8

Memories of skills and routine procedures that are performed automatically are part of

Answer 8

implicit memory

Question 9

A form of communication—whether spoken, written, or signed—that is based on a system of symbols is called

Answer 9

language

Question 10

The rapid development of the brain in infancy can be attributed to the

Answer 10

cephalocaudal principle

Question 11

The average newborn weighs _____ lbs.

Answer 11

7.5

Question 12

Reading and performing music are generally believed to involve ______ _____ of the brain.

Answer 12

both hemispheres

Question 13

What has been linked to infant sleep problems?

Answer 13

-maternal depression
-screen time

Question 14

What are some outcomes of breast feeding for children?

Answer 14

-less chance of becoming overweight or obese
-increases maturation of the immune system
-fewer gastrointestinal infections

Question 15

The perspective on motor developmental that seeks to explain how motor behaviors are assemebled for perceiving and acting is referred to as the ________ _______ theory.

Answer 15

dynamic systems theory

Question 16

The average newborn is ______ inches long

Answer 16

20 inches

Question 17

Behaviors that are built-in reactions to stimuli that allow infants to respond to their environment before they have learned the behavior are called

Answer 17

reflexes

Question 18

Accurately describe creativity and complex thinking in most people?

Answer 18

complex thinking includes creativity and is the outcome of communication b/w both hemispheres of the brain

Question 19

Gross motor skills involve

Answer 19

large-muscle activities

Question 20

The most common infant sleep-related problem is

Answer 20

nighttime waking

Question 21

Any activity that requires finger dexterity is referred to as a

Answer 21

fine motor skill

Question 22

The current view of perceptual-motor coupling in infants is

Answer 22

the dynamic systems view

Question 23

The eyes, ears, tongue, nostrils, and skin are all considered to be

Answer 23

sensory receptors

Question 24

What are the purposes of reflexes?

Answer 24

-survival mechanisms
-allow infants to respond adaptively to their environment

Question 25

The action of a child crawling across the room to grab a colorful toy would be an example of intermodal perception because it

Answer 25

integrates information from multiple sensory modalities

Question 26

The sensation of _______ occurs as rays of light contacts the eyes, become focused on the retina, and are transmitted by the optic nerve to the visual contours of the brain.

Answer 26

vision

Question 27

Perception and _____ are coupled with each other. This is demonstrated through the movement of one's head, hands, arms, and eyes.

Answer 27

action

Question 28

when can sound first be perceived?

Answer 28

during the last two months of pregnancy

Question 29

The integration of information from two or more sensory modalities is called

Answer 29

attention

Question 30

Those who emphasize learning and experience in perceptual development are called

Answer 30

empiricists

Question 31

______ is a form of communication that is based on a system of symbols.

Answer 31

language

Question 32

The main theme of the ecological approach of Elenor and James Gibson is that ______ and action are coupled.

Answer 32

perception

Question 33

What sound do infants demonstrate first?

Answer 33

cooing

Question 34

In Piaget's theory, actions or mental representations that organize knowledge are called

Answer 34

schemes