Chapter 3 Section 4 Respiration Flashcards
1
Q
- What is respiration?
A
• The process by which cells obtain energy from glucose.
2
Q
- Why is respiration important?
A
• It provides cells with energy they need to carry out their functions.
3
Q
- Why do you think muscle cells have many mitochondria?
A
• The mitochondria supply a great amount of energy for movement.
4
Q
- Where does the first and second stage of respiration take place and what does happens there?
A
- Stage 1:Cytoplasm-sugar is broken down into smaller sugar molecules, none to little energy is released and no oxygen is used.
- Stage 2: Mitochondria-The smaller sugar molecules are broken down even smaller and combined with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide. This releases large amounts of energy.
5
Q
- Do you think plants have mitochondria?
A
yes
6
Q
- In which stage is oxygen involved?
A
stage 2
7
Q
- How do most animals get rid of carbon dioxide?
A
by exhaling (breathing out)
8
Q
- How do most animals get rid of carbon dioxide?
A
• Through the stomata
9
Q
- What is the equation for respiration?
A
C6H12O6 + 6O2 →6CO2 + 6 H2O + energy
10
Q
- What is the process in which energy is released WITHOUT using oxygen?
A
• Fermentation
11
Q
- What are the products of alcoholic fermentation?
A
• Alcohol, carbon dioxide, energy
12
Q
- What is the product of lactic-acid fermentation?
A
• Lactic acid
13
Q
- How would athletes be affected if fermentation could not take place?
A
• If an athlete’s muscles ran out of oxygen and fermentation did not occur, the athlete would not be able to continue the activity.
14
Q
- Is fermentation likely to take place during a long walk or short run? Explain.
A
• Short run because the athlete is pushing the muscles very fast, so the muscles will use up oxygen sooner.
15
Q
- Compare and contrast fermentation and respiration.
A
- They both produce energy
- Fermentation does not use oxygen and uses less energy
- Respiration uses oxygen and produces more energy.
