Chapter 3: Reflexive Behavior and Respondent Conditioning

Question 1

A respondent conditioning procedure where the unconditioned stimulus (US) is presented before the conditioned stimulus (CS).

Answer 1

Backward Conditioning

Question 2

A response that is elicited by a conditioned stimulus (CS)

Answer 2

Conditioned Response

Question 3

The stimulus component of a respondent conditioning procedure; a formally neutral stimulus that elicits a conditioned response (CR) only after it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US).

Answer 3

Conditioned Stimulus

Question 4

A respondent conditioning procedure where the conditioned stimulus (CS) is presented and the unconditioned stimulus (US) is then presented before the termination of the CS.

Answer 4

Delayed Conditioning

Question 5

Respondent (CR) and reflexive (UR) behavior that is made to occur by the presentation of a stimulus (CS or US).

Answer 5

Elicited (behavior)

Question 6

The function (graph) that relates values of the conditioned stimulus (CS; loudness of tone) to a measure of response strength (i.e., likelihood of the CR occurring)

Answer 6

Generalization gradient

Question 7

The process that accounts for the decreased likelihood of an unconditioned stimulus (US) eliciting an unconditioned response (UR) after repeated presentations of the unconditioned stimulus (US).

Answer 7

Habituation

Question 8

As the intensity of the unconditioned stimulus (US) increases, the latency (time to onset) of the unconditioned response (UR) decreases.

Answer 8

Law on the Latency

Question 9

A law that describes the point at which the intensity of an unconditioned stimulus is strong enough to elicit an unconditioned response.

Answer 9

Law of the threshold

Question 10

Behavior that is a product of an individual organisms life history.

Answer 10

Ontogenetic

Question 11

the weakening of respondent conditioning with one stimulus because of the presence of another stimulus (e.g., if a soft tone and a loud bell both precede food, the tone may remain ineffective as a CS even though it and the bell have the same contingent relation to food).

Answer 11

Overshadowing

Question 12

Behavior that is a result of the evolutionary history of the species.

Answer 12

Phylogenetic

Question 13

The demonstrated effect of an inert substance (e.g., sugar pill) on the wellbeing of a patient.

Answer 13

Placebo effect

Question 14

Laws that govern the US–>UR relationship

Answer 14

Primary laws of the reflex

Question 15

When an unconditioned stimulus elicits an unconditioned response (US–>UR).

Answer 15

Reflex

Question 16

Behavior that increases or decreases by the presentation of a conditioned stimulus (CS)

Answer 16

Respondent

Question 17

This occurs when an organism shows a conditioned response to one stimulus by not to other similar events.

Answer 17

Respondent discrimination

Question 18

The repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus (CS) without unconditioned stimulus.

Answer 18

Respondent extinction (procedure)

Question 19

the decline in strength of the conditioned response when a respondent extinction procedure is in effect.

Answer 19

Respondent extinction (process)

Question 20

This occurs when an organism shows a conditioned response to values of the conditioned stimulus that have not been trained.

Answer 20

Respondent generalization

Question 21

A term used to describe if a stimulus is intense enough to influence behavior

Answer 21

Salient

Question 22

A conditioning procedure that involves pairing two conditioned stimuli, rather than a conditioned and unconditioned stimulus.

Answer 22

Second-order conditioning

Question 23

A respondent conditioning procedure in which the CS and US are presented at the same time.

Answer 23

Simultaneous conditioning

Question 24

An increase in the magnitude of the CR after respondent extinction has occurred and time has passed

Answer 24

Spontaneous recovery

Question 25

A respondent conditioning procedure in which the CS is presented for a brief period and after some time has passed the US is presented.

Answer 25

Trace conditioning

Question 26

When more of the drug (US) needed to obtain the same drug effects (UR)

Answer 26

Tolerance

Question 27

The behavior elicited by the US

Answer 27

Unconditioned response

Question 28

The eliciting event for a UR

Answer 28

Unconditioned stimulus